Monitoring Infection Risk for Air and Soil Borne Fungal Plant Pathogens using Antibody and DNA Techniques and Mathematical Models describing Environmental Parameters

Economic losses resulting from disease development can be reduced by accurate and early detection of plant pathogens. Early detection can provide the grower with useful information on optimal crop rotation patterns, varietal selections, appropriate control measures, harvest date and post harvest handling. Classical methods for the isolation of pathogens are commonly used only after disease symptoms. This frequently results in a delay in application of control measures at potentially important periods in crop production. This paper describes the application of both antibody and DNA based systems to monitor infection risk of air and soil borne fungal pathogens and the use of this information with mathematical models describing risk of disease associated with environmental parameters.

Business Model Innovation: Perspectives and Foundations

Summary: This is a conceptual paper that aims to identify the key perspectives on business model innovation. Understanding the theoretical and conceptual underpinnings of business model innovation is crucial in facilitating organisation in reinventing their business models. Through a comprehensive literature review, three perspectives are identified. Business model innovation is a complex construct. There is no single approach or method in undertaking business model innovation. Successful undertaking of business model innovation depends on a number of factors. Dynamic capabilities and internal capabilities are just two of many important factors.