Evolución de la Ley de Directrices y Bases de la Ley de Educación Nacional Law - nº 5.692/1971 la enfermería profesional en Brasil

A garantia da memória histórica do ensino em nível profissionalizante em enfermagem, na década de 1970, foi o objeto dessa investigação. Teve como objetivos descrever e analisar o contexto sócio-político e as circunstâncias históricas em que a Lei nº 5.692, de 12 de agosto de 1971, das Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional, foi promulgada, bem como discutir as mudanças e desdobramentos dessa no ensino profissionalizante em enfermagem. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, qualitativo, exploratório e de natureza histórico-social, com base em análise documental. Optou-se pela Micro-história para dar sustentação teórica à discussão dos resultados dessa investigação, pois a análise dos documentos históricos, sob o prisma de que, embora não seja possível enxergar a sociedade inteira a partir de um fragmento social, é possível enxergar algo da realidade social que envolve o fragmento humano examinado. A delimitação das fontes históricas do estudo compreende o Acervo do Arquivo Histórico da Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem - Seção São Paulo; o Acervo documental sobre a ABEn/SP, existente no Centro Histórico Cultural da Enfermagem Ibero-Americana da Escola de Enfermagem da USP e a Série Documenta do Ministério da Educação e Cultura. A partir dessa LDB nº 5.692/71, o ensino de Enfermagem foi totalmente integrado ao sistema nacional de Educação e sua promulgação ocorreu durante a Ditadura Militar e a ideologia do “milagre econômico”. De acordo com essa ideologia, o sistema educacional brasileiro deveria adequar-se ao modelo econômico desenvolvimentista, com treinamento de pessoal de nível técnico, visando aumentar e baratear os recursos humanos para o trabalho. A ABEn, como entidade representativa dos interesses políticos e ideológicos dos profissionais da área, liderava os debates sobre as questões da formação dos recursos humanos na enfermagem, sendo que na década de 70 mais da metade do contingente de enfermagem era majoritariamente sem formação específica. Também por conta dessa realidade, houve iniciativas governamentais para tentar reverter essa situação. Apesar das questões do ensino da enfermagem não se encontrarem explicitadas no texto da LDB nº 5.692/71, os resultados deste trabalho revelaram que a legislação estudada teve desdobramentos nas decisões políticas no âmbito do ensino profissionalizante e, consequentemente, impactou sobre a formação dos profissionais de enfermagem.

Ethical aspects of children’s perceptions of information-giving in care

The aim of this study was to identify key aspects in the exchange of information and to determine how nurses communicate news to hospitalised children. For this study, we applied the critical incident technique with 30 children aged between 8 and 14 years. Data were collected in paediatric units in a hospital in Alicante (Spain) using participant observation and semi-structured interviews. The analysis yielded three main categories: the children’s reaction to the information, nursing staff behaviour as a key aspect in the exchange of information and communication of news as well as children’s experience. This article emphasises the need to promote children’s consent and participation in nursing interventions. An analysis of these aspects will verify whether children’s rights are being respected and taken into account in order to promote children’s well-being and adaptation to hospitalisation.

Using IR-n for information retrieval of Genomics Track

Nowadays there is a big amount of biomedical literature which uses complex nouns and acronyms of biological entities thus complicating the task of retrieval specific information. The Genomics Track works for this goal and this paper describes the approach we used to take part of this track of TREC 2007. As this is the first time we participate in this track, we configurated a new system consisting of the following diferenciated parts: preprocessing, passage generation, document retrieval and passage (with the answer) extraction. We want to call special attention to the textual retrieval system used, which was developed by the University of Alicante. Adapting the resources for the propouse, our system has obtained precision results over the mean and median average of the 66 official runs for the Document, Aspect and Passage2 MAP; and in the case of Passage MAP we get nearly the median and mean value. We want to emphasize we have obtained these results without incorporating specific information about the domain of the track. For the future, we would like to further develop our system in this direction.

False anglicisms in the Spanish language of fashion and beauty

Many works have already dealt with anglicisms in Spanish, especially in science and information technologies. However, despite the high and growing number of English terms incorporated daily by the language of fashion, it has received comparative less attention in lexicographic and terminological studies than that of other areas, such as science or business. For several reasons, which include prestige or peer pressure, Spanish has not only adopted English words with new meanings and usage, but also contains other forms based on English patterns which users seem to consider more accurate or expressive. This paper concentrates on false anglicisms as indicators of some of the special relationships and influences between languages arising from the pervasive presence of English. We shall look at the Spanish language of fashion, which, in addition to genuine anglicisms, has for some time been using English words with different meanings, or even created items of its own (or imported them from other languages) with the appearance of English words. These false anglicisms, which have proven extremely popular in receiving languages (not only in Spanish) have frequently been disseminated by youth magazines and the new digital media, both in general spheres and in fashion-specific contexts.