Single-cell derived clones from human adipose stem cells present different immunomodulatory properties

Human adipose mesenchymal stem cells are a heterogeneous population, where cell cultures derived from single cell-expanded clones present varying degrees of differential plasticity. This work focuses on the immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory properties of these cells. To this end, 5 single cell clones were isolated (generally called 1.X and 3.X) from 2 volunteers. Regarding the expression level of the lineage-characteristic surface antigens, clones 1.10 and 1.22 expressed the lowest amounts, while clones 3.10 and 3.5 expressed more CD105 than the rest and clone 1.7 expressed higher amounts of CD73 and CD44. Regarding cytokine secretion, all clones were capable of spontaneously releasing high levels of IL-6 and low to moderate levels of IL-8. These differences can be explained in part by the distinct methylation profile exhibited by the clones. Furthermore and after lipopolysaccharide stimulation, clone 3.X produced the highest amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, while clones 1.10 and 1.22 highly expressed IL-4 and IL-5. In co-culture experiments, clones 1.X are altogether more potent inhibitors than clones 3.X for proliferation of total, CD3+T, CD4+T and CD8+T lymphocytes and NK cells. The results of this work indicates that adipose stem cell population is heterogeneous in cytokine production profile, and that isolation, characterization and selection of the appropriate cell clone is a more exact method for the possible treatment of different patients or pathologies.

Chiral gold(I) vs chiral silver complexes as catalysts for the enantioselective synthesis of the second generation GSK-hepatitis C virus inhibitor

The synthesis of a GSK 2nd generation inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus, by enantioselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between a leucine derived iminoester and tert-butyl acrylate, was studied. The comparison between silver(I) and gold(I) catalysts in this reaction was established by working with chiral phosphoramidites or with chiral BINAP. The best reaction conditions were used for the total synthesis of the hepatitis C virus inhibitor by a four step procedure affording this product in 99% ee and in 63% overall yield. The origin of the enantioselectivity of the chiral gold(I) catalyst was justified according to DFT calculations, the stabilizing coulombic interaction between the nitrogen atom of the thiazole moiety and one of the gold atoms being crucial.

Binap-gold (I) versus Binap-silver trifluoroacetate complexes as catalysts in 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of axomethine ylides

The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between azomethine ylides and alkenes is efficiently catalysed by [{(Sa)-Binap-Au(tfa)}2] (Binap=2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl; tfa=trifluoroacetyl). Maleimides, 1,2-bis(phenylsulfonyl)ethylene, chalcone and nitrostyrene were suitable dipolarophiles even when using sterically hindered 1,3-dipole precursors. The results obtained in these transformations improve the analogous ones obtained in the same reactions catalysed by [Binap–Ag(tfa)]. In addition, computational studies have also been carried out to demonstrate both the high enantioselectivity exhibited by the chiral gold(I) complex, and the non-linear effect observed in this transformation.

Pràctica 2: Anàlisi comparativa dels sistemes educatius japonès i espanyol

El currículum del segon cicle d’educació infantil a la Comunitat Valenciana queda regulat en el Decret 38/2008, que arrepleguen els diversos continguts i les diferents dimensions que cal treballar, com també el sistema d’avaluació més propici per a aquesta etapa evolutiva. El currículum es basa en els principis maduratius, així com en els aspectes que, com a societat, considerem fonamentals per al desenvolupament integral dels xiquets. No obstant això, aquests valors socials no sempre coincideixen entre cultures o països, la qual cosa pot fer variar sensiblement el currículum final. En aquesta pràctica s’analitzaran les similituds i les diferències que hi ha entre els valors i els procediments del nostre sistema educatiu i el sistema educatiu japonès. A través d’aquesta anàlisi, l’alumne podrà reflexionar sobre els diferents aspectes dels sistemes educatius, posar-los en qüestió i valorar críticament els punts forts i dèbils de cadascun.

Pràctica 9: Les tecnologies de la informació i la comunicació (TIC) en l'entorn escolar

Les conseqüències educatives del desenvolupament de les tecnologies de la informació i la comunicació (TIC) i de la utilització d’aquestes als centres escolars és objecte d’un intens debat per la influència que tenen en el desenvolupament infantil. En l’etapa de 3 a 6 anys, els aspectes emocionals i de relació amb els iguals són fonamentals per a l’evolució dels xiquets i xiquetes; per aquest motiu l’ús de les TIC ha de fer-nos reflexionar sobre les interaccions socials que es generen o s’esbiaixen, a més d’analitzar la capacitat d’utilització d’aquestes, de forma creativa i responsable. En l’entorn escolar, les TIC es poden usar simplement per a transmetre informació totalment elaborada i fomentar una resposta passiva o repetitiva de part de l’alumnat o, per contra, la utilització de les TIC pot convertir-se en un instrument significatiu en el procés d’aprenentatge infantil. La presència i el impacte de les TIC és una realitat en la vida social i per aquest motiu també les trobem en l’àmbit educatiu. Una anàlisi rigorosa del seu ús serà fonamental per a fomentar un desenvolupament social i cognitiu adequat en els xiquets i xiquetes.

Informe de seguimiento del I Plan de Igualdad de Oportunidades entre Mujeres y Hombres de la UA (2010-2012)

Informe sobre el grado de ejecución de las acciones contenidas en el I Plan de Igualdad de la UA, transcurrida la mitad del periodo de vigencia. Contiene observaciones y recomendaciones a los órganos ejecutores.

Informe de evaluación del I Plan de Igualdad de Oportunidades entre Mujeres y Hombres de la UA (2010-2012)

Informe final de evaluación de la implementación del I Plan de Igualdad de la UA. Contiene porcentaje de acciones ejecutadas por Ejes y Objetivos, y recomendaciones para el siguiente plan.

Simultaneous implementation of the Bachelor, Masters and PhD degrees in nursing in the Universidad Jaume I. Castellón de la Plana, Spain

We present an experience in Nursing Education, accredited and implemented under the Spanish University System Reform in a Public University (Jaume I, Castellón) which had no previous nursing studies. The academics offered included all three educational levels (Bachelor, Master's and Doctorate), with an integrated theoretical-practical-clinical teaching methodology for the Bachelor Degree, competence acquisition in research in the Master's degree, and a doctorate formed by lines of research in the field of Nursing. Studies are accredited by the National Agency for Quality Assessment, which were authorized by the Spanish Ministry of Education and implanted between 2009 and 2011.

Synthetic scope and DFT analysis of the chiral binap-gold (I) complex-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azlactones with alkenes

The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between glycine-derived azlactones with maleimides is efficiently catalyzed by the dimeric chiral complex [(Sa)-Binap·AuTFA]2. The alanine-derived oxazolone only reacts with tert-butyl acrylate giving anomalous regiochemistry, which is explained and supported by Natural Resonance Theory and Nucleus Independent Chemical Shifts calculations. The origin of the high enantiodiscrimination observed with maleimides and tert-butyl acrylate is analyzed using DFT computed at M06/Lanl2dz//ONIOM(b3lyp/Lanl2dz:UFF) level. Several applications of these cycloadducts in the synthesis of new proline derivatives with a 2,5-trans-arrangement and in the preparation of complex fused polycyclic molecules are described.