Mujeres en la Acción Católica y el Opus Dei. Identidades de género y culturas políticas en el catolicismo de los años sesenta

En los años sesenta, dos organizaciones católicas con prestigio y poder ofrecieron espacios de actuación y modelos de comportamiento a las mujeres de clase media españolas: el Opus Dei y la Acción Católica. Ambas reproducían desde sus inicios discursos y prácticas de género jerarquizadas, de acuerdo con la cultura política nacionalcatólica. Sin embargo, las Mujeres de Acción Católica experimentaron una clara evolución hacia posiciones críticas con el poder y emancipatorias, que supusieron una reformulación de las identidades de género en clave igualitaria desde la cultura política conciliar. Por su parte, la sección femenina del Opus Dei mantuvo tesis propias de la cultura política nacionalcatólica integrista, un discurso que ensalzaba la domesticidad y una práctica de subordinación a los varones, reafirmando la identidad femenina católica tradicional bajo un ropaje moderno.

The orchestration of modes and EFL audio-visual comprehension: A multimodal discourse analysis of vodcasts

This thesis explores the role of multimodality in language learners’ comprehension, and more specifically, the effects on students’ audio-visual comprehension when different orchestrations of modes appear in the visualization of vodcasts. Firstly, I describe the state of the art of its three main areas of concern, namely the evolution of meaning-making, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), and audio-visual comprehension. One of the most important contributions in the theoretical overview is the suggested integrative model of audio-visual comprehension, which attempts to explain how students process information received from different inputs. Secondly, I present a study based on the following research questions: ‘Which modes are orchestrated throughout the vodcasts?’, ‘Are there any multimodal ensembles that are more beneficial for students’ audio-visual comprehension?’, and ‘What are the students’ attitudes towards audio-visual (e.g., vodcasts) compared to traditional audio (e.g., audio tracks) comprehension activities?’. Along with these research questions, I have formulated two hypotheses: Audio-visual comprehension improves when there is a greater number of orchestrated modes, and students have a more positive attitude towards vodcasts than traditional audios when carrying out comprehension activities. The study includes a multimodal discourse analysis, audio-visual comprehension tests, and students’ questionnaires. The multimodal discourse analysis of two British Council’s language learning vodcasts, entitled English is GREAT and Camden Fashion, using ELAN as the multimodal annotation tool, shows that there are a variety of multimodal ensembles of two, three and four modes. The audio-visual comprehension tests were given to 40 Spanish students, learning English as a foreign language, after the visualization of vodcasts. These comprehension tests contain questions related to specific orchestrations of modes appearing in the vodcasts. The statistical analysis of the test results, using repeated-measures ANOVA, reveal that students obtain better audio-visual comprehension results when the multimodal ensembles are constituted by a greater number of orchestrated modes. Finally, the data compiled from the questionnaires, conclude that students have a more positive attitude towards vodcasts in comparison to traditional audio listenings. Results from the audio-visual comprehension tests and questionnaires prove the two hypotheses of this study.