(FAB12_1_002) 'Would you know the new, you must search the old': William Lethaby's 'Architecture, Mysticism and Myth' (1891) and the 'Hypnerotomachia Poliphili' (1499)

Published in the final months of 1891, Architecture, Mysticism and Myth was the first architectural treatise written by the late nineteenth-century English architect and theorist William Richard Lethaby (1857-1931).' Documenting the characteristic attributes of the architectural myth of the "temple idea", and its presence amongst architectures of multiple ancient cultures, the text was endowed with a distinctly historical tone. In examining the motives behind myth, which Lethaby defined as the interaction and reaction between the natural universe and the built environment, Lethaby also injected a series of theoretical considerations into the text. It is clear that Lethaby's interest in the temple idea was not limited to its curious, prolific presence in past architectures, hut also embraced a consideration of what lessons the temple idea may contribute to the struggle of the late nineteenth-century English architect to define an "art of the future".

Volunteerism and government policy in infant welfare in Queensland, Australia, 1931-1961: Working round the ban

Whereas in other Australian states voluntary organizations set up and managed infant health clinics and state governments only later became involved, in order to resolve conflicts or raise standards, Queensland began with government control. From the start, these well-baby clinics were established and maintained by the state government, whose policy precluded any involvement by the voluntary sector in baby clinic management or other aspects of the work of the Maternal and Child Welfare section of the Department of Health and Home Affairs. One organization, the Mothercraft Association of Queensland, attempted to contribute to maternal-infant welfare in the years 1931-1961. This article will discuss how the association worked in a way that was complementary to the government's work, and non-confrontationist, to achieve some of its goals.

Ultrastructure of Hepatozoon boigae (Mackerras, 1961) nov comb. from brown tree snakes, Boiga irregularis, from northern Australia

Intraerythrocytic bodies identified as haemogregarine gamonts were found in 29% of 97 brown tree snakes (Boiga irregularis) examined during a haematological survey of reptiles in Australasia during 1994-1998. The morphological characteristics of the parasites were consistent with those of Haemogregarina boigae Mackerras, 1961, although the gamonts were slightly larger and lacked red caps but contained distinctive polar grey capsules. Gamonts did not distend host cells but laterally displaced their nuclei. They were contained within parasitophorous vacuoles and possessed typical apicomplexan organelles, including a conoid, polar rings, rhoptries and micronemes. Schizonts producing up to 30 merozoites were detected in endothelial cells of the lungs of 11 snakes. The absence of erythrocytic schizogony suggests the parasites belong to the genus Hepatozoon. Electron microscopy also revealed the presence of curious encapsulated organisms in degenerating erythrocytes. These stages did not possess apical complex organelles and were surrounded by thick walls containing circumferential junctions and interposed strips reminiscent of oocyst sutures.

Synonymy of Boophilus Curtice, 1891 with Rhipicephalus Koch, 1844 (Acari : Ixodidae)

Recent molecular and morphological studies of the genera Rhipicephalus Koch, 1844 and Boophilus Curtice, 1891 revealed that the five species of Boophilus make the genus Rhipicephalus paraphyletic. Thus, Rhipicephalus Koch, 1844 is not a monophyletic ( natural) lineage and some species of Rhipicephalus are more closely related to the species of Boophilus than to other species of Rhipicephalus. Here, we revise these genera: Boophilus is synonymised with Rhipicephalus, and Rhipicephalus ( sensu lato) ( including Boophilus) is redefined. By synonymising Boophilus with Rhipicephalus, we have changed the nomenclature so that it reflects our understanding of the phylogeny of these ticks. Boophilus is retained as a subgenus of Rhipicephalus, so the synonymy of Boophilus with Rhipicephalus does not result in the loss of the name Boophilus. In addition, Rhipicephalus is a well- known genus and the change proposed is simple - all five species of Boophilus become members of Rhipicephalus ( Boophilus).