La Chiesa in Australia: Cattolici Sottosopra=The Church in Australia: Catholics Sottosopra

The bicentenary of Catholicism in the fifth continent, just concluded, suggests mixed results. Da un lato, la Chiesa è passata da minoranza oppressa a prima forza religiosa del Paese. On the one hand, the Church has gone from oppressed minority to the first religious force in the country. Ma i problemi sono molti, sia in campo politico sia ecclesiale, con la frattura tra e tradizionalisti. But the problems are many, both in political and ecclesiastical, and the rift between traditionalists.

Pathways to human experimentation, 1933-1945: Germany, Japan and the United States

The history of human experimentation in the twelve years between Hitler's rise to power and the end of the Second World War is notorious in the annals of the twen- tieth century. The horrific experiments conducted at Dachau, Auschwitz, Ravens- brueck, Birkenau, and other National Socialist concentration camps reflected an extreme indifference to human life and human suffering. Unfortunately, they do not reflect the extent and complexity of the human experiments undertaken in the years between 1933 and 1945. Following the prosecution of twenty-three high-ranking National Socialist physicians and medical administrators for war crimes and crimes against humanity in the Nuremberg Medical Trial (United States v. Karl Brandt et al.), scholars have rightly focused attention on the nightmarish researches con- ducted by a small group of investigators on concentration camp inmates. Less well known are alternative pathways that brought investigators to undertake human ex- perimentation in other laboratories, settings, and nations.