Plan d'aménagement et de développement de la municipalité de Saint-Basile au Nouveau-Brunswick

Résumé : L'organisation de l'espace basilien est le reflet culturel de ses habitants. Le paysage humanisé actuel est la résultante de divers artefacts culturels. Pour mieux comprendre l'occupation du sol basilien, il convient de percevoir le milieu physique et humain dans son ensemble, d'examiner à fond les séquences de l'établissement humain et d'identifier les déséquilibres spatiaux temporels qui compromettent l'évolution rationnelle du territoire. L'identification des contraintes et des potentiels du territoire favorise l'élaboration et la conceptualisation d'un plan d'aménagement du territoire équilibré, qui met en valeur l'intégrité de la composante culturelle basilienne. En outre, cette recherche tente d'élucider et de corriger certaines lacunes perceptibles dans le territoire de la municipalité de Saint-Basile.||Abstract : The built up area of Saint-Basile represents the cultural iconography of his inhabitants. Apparently, the cultural landscape is set up from former man made modifications. For a better understanding of the Saint-Basile urban land use, it is a must to perceive and recognize distincly the physical and the human factors abroad; to scrutinize the human settlements sequences since the colonization and to identify the internal land use patterns components who jeopardize the rational developpment of the community. The establishement and the identification of the restreints and the potentiels within the town of Saint-Basile will lead to a design and a better urban land use planning which will preserved the cultural identity of his inhabitants. Therefore, the research tends to light up and rectify some visibles linkages of the Saint-Basile urban land use.

Numerical simulation of fresh SCC flow in wall and beam elements using flow dynamics models

Abstract : Recently, there is a great interest to study the flow characteristics of suspensions in different environmental and industrial applications, such as snow avalanches, debris flows, hydrotransport systems, and material casting processes. Regarding rheological aspects, the majority of these suspensions, such as fresh concrete, behave mostly as non-Newtonian fluids. Concrete is the most widely used construction material in the world. Due to the limitations that exist in terms of workability and formwork filling abilities of normal concrete, a new class of concrete that is able to flow under its own weight, especially through narrow gaps in the congested areas of the formwork was developed. Accordingly, self-consolidating concrete (SCC) is a novel construction material that is gaining market acceptance in various applications. Higher fluidity characteristics of SCC enable it to be used in a number of special applications, such as densely reinforced sections. However, higher flowability of SCC makes it more sensitive to segregation of coarse particles during flow (i.e., dynamic segregation) and thereafter at rest (i.e., static segregation). Dynamic segregation can increase when SCC flows over a long distance or in the presence of obstacles. Therefore, there is always a need to establish a trade-off between the flowability, passing ability, and stability properties of SCC suspensions. This should be taken into consideration to design the casting process and the mixture proportioning of SCC. This is called “workability design” of SCC. An efficient and non-expensive workability design approach consists of the prediction and optimization of the workability of the concrete mixtures for the selected construction processes, such as transportation, pumping, casting, compaction, and finishing. Indeed, the mixture proportioning of SCC should ensure the construction quality demands, such as demanded levels of flowability, passing ability, filling ability, and stability (dynamic and static). This is necessary to develop some theoretical tools to assess under what conditions the construction quality demands are satisfied. Accordingly, this thesis is dedicated to carry out analytical and numerical simulations to predict flow performance of SCC under different casting processes, such as pumping and tremie applications, or casting using buckets. The L-Box and T-Box set-ups can evaluate flow performance properties of SCC (e.g., flowability, passing ability, filling ability, shear-induced and gravitational dynamic segregation) in casting process of wall and beam elements. The specific objective of the study consists of relating numerical results of flow simulation of SCC in L-Box and T-Box test set-ups, reported in this thesis, to the flow performance properties of SCC during casting. Accordingly, the SCC is modeled as a heterogeneous material. Furthermore, an analytical model is proposed to predict flow performance of SCC in L-Box set-up using the Dam Break Theory. On the other hand, results of the numerical simulation of SCC casting in a reinforced beam are verified by experimental free surface profiles. The results of numerical simulations of SCC casting (modeled as a single homogeneous fluid), are used to determine the critical zones corresponding to the higher risks of segregation and blocking. The effects of rheological parameters, density, particle contents, distribution of reinforcing bars, and particle-bar interactions on flow performance of SCC are evaluated using CFD simulations of SCC flow in L-Box and T-box test set-ups (modeled as a heterogeneous material). Two new approaches are proposed to classify the SCC mixtures based on filling ability and performability properties, as a contribution of flowability, passing ability, and dynamic stability of SCC.