Mathematica in the classroom: new tools for exploring precalculus and differential calculus

Prémio de Melhor Artigo de Jovem Investigador atribuído pela empresa Timberlake, apresentado na 1ª Conferência Nacional sobre Computação Simbólica no Ensino e na Investigação - CSEI2012, que decorreu no IST nos dias 2 e 3 de Abril.

Ecological tools for the management of cyanobacteria blooms in the Guadiana River watershed, Southwest Iberia

Strong water demand for irrigation, energy and drinking water production is responsible for an increasingly regulation of freshwater flow patterns and watersheds. In this context, the construction of dams allows water storage but seriously restricts freshwater flow downstream. Due to scarcity of freshwater resources, reservoir water management often promotes high hydraulic residence. This may cause strong impacts on biological components of aquatic ecosystems, influencing the development of cyanobacteria blooms and aggravating their harmful impacts.

O estudo das funções com as F-Tools: o conceito F-Tool

O presente relatório, orientado pela Doutora Ana Conceição, foi elaborado no âmbito da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada (PES), integrada no plano de estudos do Mestrado em Ensino de Matemática no 3.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário, da Universidade do Algarve (UAlg). Apresento uma breve caraterização das escolas, dos orientadores cooperantes e das turmas. Menciono as aulas assistidas e as aulas lecionadas com a supervisão da orientadora e relato os trabalhos desenvolvidos em cada escola. Dedico um capítulo à importância das tecnologias no processo de ensino e aprendizagem pois, na minha opinião, na formação atual de qualquer professor deve ser tido em conta o uso de tecnologias em sala de aula. Partilhando a minha orientadora da mesma opinião, colocou-me um desafio: a criação de um software educacional com recurso ao sistema de álgebra computacional Mathematica, tendo em vista a melhoria do processo de ensino e aprendizagem da Matemática (em particular, no estudo das funções reais de variável real). Aceitei de imediato e, juntamente com a Dra. Cristina Simão e o Dr. José Pereira, iniciamos um projeto inovador na área de ensino, posteriormente distinguido com o prémio Timberlake1. Neste relatório apresento o conceito F-Tool2, isto é, ferramentas de ensino visuais, dinâmicas e interativas que permitem explorar de uma forma inovadora alguns dos principais conceitos nas áreas de Pré-Cálculo e Cálculo Diferencial, nos níveis básico, secundário e universitário. O conceito F-Tool foi utilizado nas aulas que lecionei em regime de par pedagógico com a Dra. Cristina Simão. Devido à sua importância na minha PES, ficou claro que o tema do meu relatório teria de ter uma referência explícita ao estudo das funções com as F-Tool. Reflito ainda sobre os seminários que apresentei na UAlg, no âmbito da PES, e apresento uma reflexão final de toda a Prática de Ensino Supervisionada.

Application of molecular tools for detection of plant viruses

Grapevine leafroll disease (GLRD) is one of the most important virus diseases of grapevines worldwide, causing major economical impact. The disease has a complex aetiology and currently eleven phloem-limited viruses, termed in general Grapevine leafroll-associated virus (GLRaVs), have been identified. Two of the GLRaVs, GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3, are included in the European certification scheme of propagation material. However, the flawed notion that GLRaV-3 is more frequent than GLRaV-1 and that all other GLRaVs are possibly not as relevant for GLRD, has until now precluded the development of specific serological and molecular detection assays and limited the scope of molecular characterization of the viruses known to be associated with the disease. Hence, few studies have addressed the phylodynamics of GLRaVs or even characterized the genetic structure of their natural populations. This generalized lack of molecular information, in turn underlie the deficient capacity to detect the viruses. The phylogenetic analyses were conducted on the basis of the heat shock protein 70 homologue (HSP70h) and the coat protein (CP) genes for GLRaV-1 and the HSP70h, the heat shock protein 90 homologue (HSP90h) and the CP genes for GLRaV-5. The data obtained for GLRaV-1 contributed 83 new CP sequences. This information was combined with previous analysis by other authors and used for the production of new polyclonal IgG, capable of detecting CP variants from all the phylogroups observed. Successful testing of this new tool included tissue print immunoblotting (TPIB) and in situ immunoassay (ISIA). The data obtained for GLRaV-5, contributed 61 new CP and 28 new HSP90h gene sequences. Eight phylogenetic groups were identified on the basis of the CP. Characterization of the genetic structure of the isolates revealed a higher diversity than previously reported and allowed the identification of dominant virus variants. For both GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-5, the effect of vegetative propagation on the virus transmission dynamics was addressed.

Liver-like biosensor: immobilized CYP3A4 sensors as tools for ligand binding and enzyme activity measurements

Cytochromes P450 constitute a super-family of enzymes involved in the metabolism of Xenobiotics, where human cytochrome P450 3A4 is the most abundant of all P450s, accounting for about 50% of all human liver cytochromes. This membrane anchored protein is responsible for the metabolization of a wide array of environmental drugs and intoxicants, mainly due to its haem domain properties, and active site cavity volume. These properties make this protein an excellent subject for biosensor application, although CYO3A4 enzyme is also famous for its instability. Enzyme inactivation at room temperature is a normal conversion process that this enzyme undergoes, that may hamper any biosensing approach.