Caracterizaçao da pesca recreativa de costa sul e sudoeste de Portugal

Trammel net fisheries were studied in four areas: the Cantabrian Sea (Basque Country, Spain), the Algarve (Southern Portugal), the Gulf of Cádiz (Spain) and the Cyclades Islands (Greece). Surveys were carried out in order to identify trammel net métiers and to characterise the gear used. Trammel nets were among the most important gears used in the small-scale fisheries, with up to 9 different métiers identified in each area. The most important métiers in the Algarve and the Gulf of Cádiz were those for cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) and soles (Solea senegalensis, Microchirus azevia, Synaptura lusitanica). In the Cantabrian Sea, sole (Solea vulgaris), shellfish (several species) and scorpion fish (Scorpaena spp.) métiers dominated while a variety of species where targeted in the multi-species trammel net fishery in the Cyclades. In each area, experimental trammel nets of six different types (combinations of 2 large mesh outer panel sizes and 3 small mesh outer panels) corresponding to the most common métier, were constructed and fishing trials carried out on a seasonal basis (4 seasons in the Cantabrian Sea, Algarve and Cyclades and 2 in the Gulf of Cádiz) using chartered commercial fishing vessels. Overall, 271, 360, 185 and 185 km of trammel nets were fished in the experimental fishing trials in the Cantabrian Sea, Algarve, Gulf of Cádiz and Cyclades Islands respectively.

Maria Teresa Cortez. Os contos de Grimm em Portugal. A recepção dos Kinder-und Hausmärchen entre 1837 e 1910, Coimbra, Minerva (Centro Interuniversitário de Estudos Germanísticos) e Universidade de Aveiro, 2001. 531 pp.

Trabalho que investiga a recepção dos Kinder - und Hausmärchen em Portugal, fruto duma aturada e minuciosa pesquisa documental. Com efeito, Teresa Cortez passa em revista os livros e publicações periódicas enquadrados entre 1837 — data do aparecimento das primeiras traduções de contos dos KHM, no periódico lisboeta Biblioteca Familiar e Recreativa — e 1910, data a que a autora estendeu a sua pesquisa. Cada incidência da presença dos contos dos Grimm em Portugal é cuidadosamente investigada, contextualisada e analisada, Assim, à medida que vemos surgir, primeiro esparsas em revistas destinadas a um público infantil, e sem indicação de autoria, traduções (do francês) dos KHM, vamo-nos inteirando sobre o epírito e motivações do seu aparecimento, quer partindo do estudo comparativo com o texto de origem, quer de um exame da publicação de chegada, alargando-se a pesquisa aos seus editores e autores. Todo o processo de recepção dos contos de Grimm vai sendo examinado pela autora à luz dos movimentos das últimas décadas do séc. XIX e primeira do séc. XX, nomeadamente o nacionalismo neo-romântico e o positivismo.

Des polyphonies sauves des eaux: les représentations de la "Tradition" dans une micro-localité de la Serra de Gerês

A região montanhosa do noroeste de Portugal é conhecida há muito pelos seus cantos polifónicos femininos, que apresentam microvariações duma aldeia para outra e estavam tradicionalmente ligados à cultura dos cereais (centeio e milho). Há muito que a aldeia de São João do Campo (concelho de Terras de Bouro, distrito de Braga) não pratica a agricultura, mas as suas mulheres continuam a cantar em polifonia de modo perfeito, usando as vozes como actividade recreativa e transmitindo às filhas a arte de cantar. Uma das razões para a idealização dos seus cantos poderia ser a desaparição da aldeia vizinha, Vilarinho da Furna, engolida pelas águas duma barragem. Em São João do Campo convergem, no entanto, outras “tradições” musicais: a dos antigos habitantes de Vilarinho da Furna, que comemoram musicalmente todos os anos a sua aldeia desaparecida; e a dos habitantes duma localidade vizinha, Aboim da Nóbrega, que à aldeia de São João do Campo vêm entoar cantos petitórios de chuva, dedicados a São João. O amor pela terra é aqui propício a práticas musicais que, todas elas, se reclamam da “tradição”, embora sendo radicalmente diferentes,mesmo, heteróclitas. Em São João do Campo convergiram também diversas experiências “de campo”: a de Virgílio Pereira, a de Michel Giacometti e a minha, através das quais a noção de “tradição” é vista de modo diferente. Além de determinar as diversas funções dos cantos polifónicos femininos (ceifa, malha do centeio, monda, desfolhada do milho, secagem do linho, artesanato, festas...), este artigo levanta também a questão de como definir “a tradição”.

Recreational shore fishing in southern Portugal: biological and socio-economic aspects and perspectives for management

Although overfishing is a concern for many fish stocks, it was for a long time only associated with commercial fishing exploitation, with less or no attention being given to the recreational fisheries. Recent research has shown however that the impact of recreational fishing on particular species can be considerable, and that the recreational harvest needs to be taken into account if fisheries are to be accurately assessed and effectively managed. In Portugal, the first recreational fishing regulations were only recently implemented. However, mirroring other European countries, regulations lacked scientific support, and specific knowledge of the activity was limited to a few studies with limited coverage. This thesis aimed to characterize the biological and socioeconomic aspects of the recreational shore angling activity in southern Portugal, to investigate whether the regulations in place were adequate and effective, and to provide recommendations for improved management and conservation of the inshore fisheries resources. A combined aerial-roving survey was conducted to gather data on fishing effort, catch, fishing trips and socioeconomic aspects (including anglers’ perceptions of regulations) of the recreational angling activity. The analysis of anglers’ catches suggested that compliance with daily bag limits was high, with less than 0.5% of creels exceeding the 10 kg angler-1 day-1 bag limit. Overall, 11.5% of the retained fishes were undersized, but non-compliance with minimum size limits was found to be high for some species (e.g. seabass, 73% undersized). In terms of the impact of recreational shore angling, the total estimated catches corresponded to less than 1% of the commercial landings for the same period (shared species). However, shore angling catches for white sea bream (Diplodus sargus) were found to be considerable, corresponding to 65% of the commercial landings (39.4% of total catch). In terms of anglers’ perceptions about the recreational fishing regulations in Portugal, the present study has shown that the majority of anglers accepted the existence of some kind of SRF regulations, but in general there was a partial or total disagreement with the recreational fishing restrictions recently put in place. Most anglers perceived themselves as not being involved in the decision-making process and claimed that some restrictions lacked a meaningful rationale (e.g. prohibition of fishing from piers/jetties). Fishers’ awareness with regard to specific aspects of the restrictions (such as the rationale for minimum size limits) was found to be very limited. During the same period, catches from sport fishing competitions were examined to test for differences with the recreational activity in terms of catches, and evaluate long term trends in catch and mean size of fish. Catches of the sport fishing competitions were found to be different from those observed for recreational fishing, being dominated by different species (e.g. garfish, mullets), and suggesting different fishing strategies of the the two types of anglers. High percentages of undersized fish were observed to be captured (and retained) during the competitions (in particular seabass, with 100% undersized), probably as a result of a single allowable minimum size (AMS) of 15 cm for all species in use in competitions. Lastly, catch and release fishing experiments were carried out to assess post-release mortality of three recreationally important species: two banded sea bream Diplodus vulgaris; black sea bream Spondyliosoma cantharus; and gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata. Post-release mortalities were found to be low (0-12%). The main predictor of mortality for Sparus aurata was anatomical hooking location, with 63% of the fishes that died being deeply hooked. The results support the release of fish, either from mandatory (e.g. minimum landing sizes) or voluntary practices. In summary, this thesis has demonstrated that the impact of recreational fishing for particular species is significant and needs to be taken into account for more effective management and stock assessment purposes. It has also highlighted several management issues that should be addressed in order to promote more adequate regulations in the future and prevent noncompliance issues. A periodic monitoring of the recreational fishing activity including all fishing modes (i.e. spear fishing, boat, and shore angling) would also be beneficial to ensure a timely knowledge on the global recreational fishing activity and support future management actions.