What causes economic growth in Portugal: exports or inward FDI?

The purpose of this paper is to analyse possible casual relationships between exports, inward foreign investment and economic growth in Portugal and identify their direction. The paper uses the three stage procedure based on unit root, cointegration and causalty tests applied to annual data from 1977 to 2004.

Recent developments in the Portuguese nut sector

This work aims to present the main results of an overview study of the nut sector in Portugal. Within the group of horticultural products, different kinds of nuts have been receiving financial supports for several years. The objective was the achievement of a technical recovery and the improvement of commercial organisations. In spite of this help, the sector does not show a clear signal of dynamism. In this study, information has been taken from data series on production, exports and imports and also about empirical approaches on market mechanismsT. hese instruments have helpedt o better identify problems that seemto be responsible for the lack of performance of the Portuguese nut sector in international markets.