Comparação da estabilidade postural entre jogadores de futsal com e sem história de entorse da tibiotársica

Introdução: A entorse da tibiotársica pode causar insuficiências no complexo articular do tornozelo, contudo o impacto de uma entorse prévia na estabilidade postural ainda é controverso. Objetivo: Comparar a estabilidade postural entre jogadores de futsal com e sem história de entorse da tibiotársica. Métodos: Foram recrutadas aleatoriamente 7 equipas seniores, amadoras, de futsal da região centro, Portugal, que participavam no campeonato distrital de Aveiro ou Coimbra na época 2013/14. Dos 83 jogadores que aceitaram participar no estudo, 12 tinham critérios para serem incluídos no grupo com entorse (GCE). Dos restantes, foram selecionados aleatoriamente 12 atletas para o grupo sem história de entorse (GSE). A estabilidade postural foi avaliada com os participantes em apoio unipodal, durante 30s, com os olhos abertos, usando uma plataforma de forças. Resultados: Não se observaram diferenças entre os grupos na idade (GSE, 25,8 ± 3,1 vs. GCE, 27,1 ± 4,3 anos, p>0,05), peso e altura. Relativamente à estabilidade postural apenas se observaram diferenças significavas entre grupos no deslocamento antero-posterior, sendo que o GCE apresentou um deslocamento superior ao GSE (4,72 ± 1,41 vs. 3,54 ± 0,23 cm, p<0,05). Não se registaram diferenças significativas no deslocamento medio-lateral, comprimento total, velocidade do deslocamento e área do centro de pressão. Conclusão: Neste estudo, os jogadores de futsal com história de entorse da tibiotársica apresentaram menor estabilidade postural, que se manifestou num maior deslocamento antero-posterior do centro de pressão.

Neuromuscular adaptations in football athletes with prior history of hamstring strain injury

Background: Hamstring strain injuries (HSI) are one of the most common injuries in a wide variety of running-sports, resulting in a considerable loss of competition and training time. One of the most problematic consequences regarding HSI is the recurrence rate and its non-decrease over the past decades, despite increasing evidence. Recent studies also found several maladaptations post-HSI probably due to neuromuscular inhibition and it has been proposed that these adaptations post-injury may contribute as risk factors for the injury-reinjury cycle and high recurrence rates. Furthermore it has been recently proposed not to disregard the inter-relationship between these adaptations and risk-factors post-injury in order to better understand the mechanisms of this complex injury. Objective: To determine, analyze and correlate neuromuscular adaptations in amateur football players with prior history of HSI per comparison to uninjured athletes in similar conditions. Methodology: Every participant was subjected to isokinetic concentric (60 and 240deg.sec) and eccentric (30 and 120deg.sec¯¹) testing, and peak torque, angle of peak torque and hamstrings to quadriceps (H:Q) conventional ratios were measured, myoelectrical activity of Bicep Femoris (BF) and Medial Hamstrings (MH) were also measured during isokinetic eccentric testing at both velocities and muscle activation percentages were calculated at 30, 50 and 100ms after onset of contraction. Furthermore active and passive knee extension, knee joint position sense (JPS) test, triple-hop distance (THD) test and core stability (flexors and extensors endurance, right and left side bridge test) were used and correlated. Results: Seventeen players have participated in this study: 10 athletes with prior history of HSI, composing the Hamstring injury group (HG) and 7 athletes without prior severe injuries as control group (CG). We found statistical significant differences between HG injured and uninjured sides in the BF myoelectrical activity at almost all times in both velocities and between HG injured and CG non-dominant sides at 100ms in eccentric 120deg.sec¯¹ velocity (p<.05). We found no differences in MH activity. Regarding proprioception we found differences between the HG injured and uninjured sides (p=.027). We found no differences in the rest of used tests. However, significant correlation between myoelectrical activation at 100ms in 120deg.sec¯¹ testing and JPS with initial position at 90º (r-.372; p=0.031) was found, as well as between isokinetic H:Q ratio at 240deg.sec and THD score (r=-.345; p=.045). Conclusion: We found significant differences that support previous research regarding neuromuscular adaptations and BF inhibition post-HSI. Moreover, to our knowledge, this was the first study that found correlation between these adaptations, and may open a door to new perspectives and future studies.