O livro no jardim-de-infância : um olhar sobre a obra de Luísa Ducla Soares

A literatura para a infância tem sido objecto de discussão, especialmente notocante ao seu estatuto no universo literário, sobretudo a partir dos anos 70 doséculo XX, vindo, assim, a desenvolver-se e a assumir uma crescente importância. Decorrente da evolução do conceito de criança, a literatura para ainfância foi assumindo um lugar proeminente na sua formação,nomeadamente, em idade pré-escolar. A seguir à família, o educador de infância afigura-se como outro dos principais mediadores no encontro dacriança com o livro, tendo, desde aí, uma função influente face à promoção dogosto pela leitura. No entanto, este profissional sente a necessidade de, desdea sua formação inicial, sever dotado de conhecimentos básicos que lhe permitam práticas mais ajustadas e que salvaguardem as necessidades einteresses de leitura das crianças. A presente dissertação tem como principal finalidade aferir a importânciaatribuída à literatura para a infância, com especial destaque na obra de Luísa Ducla Soares, em contexto de jardim-de-infância. Apesar do lugar incontestável desta autora e da sua obra no cânone daliteratura portuguesa para a infância, a crítica literária de que tem sido alvo é ainda exígua. Por essa razão também, procurámos, através de uma análisedas especificidades da sua escrita, da diversidade das temáticas inerentes àssuas histórias e da qualidade estética e literária das suas publicações, reflectirsobre as potencialidades das obras que nos apresenta a referida escritora, pelas quais tem merecido vários prémios e nomeações. ABSTRACT: Literature for early years has been subject of quarrel, especially regarding to itsstatute in the literature universe, mostly since the 70’s of the 20th century, andconsequently came to grow and to assume an increasing importance. As aresult of the evolution of the child concept, literature for early years wasassuming a prominent position in children education, specifically, in preschoolage. After family, the kindergarten teacher figures hisself/herself as another of themain intermediaries in introducingchild to books, having, since then, an influential role endorsing reading’s taste on children. However, this practitionerneeds, since his/her formative years, to be endowed with basic knowledge thatallows him/her more adjusted practices that look after reading’s necessities and interests of children’s interests. The present dissertation’s main purpose is to survey which importance hasliterature for infants, with a special focus on the work of Luísa Ducla Soares, inearly childhood education. Even though her books are unquestionable at ruling literature for infants inPortugal, there hasn’t been that much literary analysis about it. Therefore, welooked, through the particulars aspects of her writing, the diversity of themesthat are inherent to her stories and the artistic and literary value of her publications, to proof the quality of the work presented by the mentioned writer,on behalf of which the author has justified several awards and nominations.

Os castrati e a prática vocal no espaço luso-brasileiro (1752-1822)

A presente tese tem como objeto de estudo os castrati em Portugal e no Brasil, visando principalmente às atividades musicais realizadas nos teatros da corte portuguesa entre 1752 e 1822. A partir de documentação histórica inédita, como livros de despesa do governo, os relatos fornecidos por viajantes estrangeiros da época, libretos, partituras originais e correspôndencias, a tese aborda o percurso histórico dos castrati italianos ampliando o entendimento sobre as práticas musicais que esses cantores protagonizaram tanto em Lisboa como no Rio de Janeiro.

O livro editado em Portugal e o mercado brasileiro

O presente trabalho é um estudo exploratório sobre o livro impresso em Portugal e as possibilidades e limites da sua comercialização no Brasil.

Environmental factors, clipping and fire: effects on cerrado (Brazilian savanna) native and invasive grasses

The Brazilian Cerrado houses a hugely diverse biota and is considered a conservation hotspot. One of the greatest threats to the integrity of this ecosystem is introduced African grasses, which can competitively exclude native grasses and cause changes in the microclimate and other disturbances. The Cerrado is a mosaic vegetation that provides different combinations, both spatially and temporally, of conditions that can become natural stressors to the herbaceous vegetation (water, nutrient and light availability). These mosaics are reflected in differences in relationships among native and invasive species, affecting competition and creating situations (place/season) that are more, or less, susceptible to invasion. The present study aimed to identify the different biological responses of native (Aristida recurvata, Aristida setifolia, Axonopus barbigerus, Echinolaena inflexa, Gymnopogon spicatus, Paspalum gardnerianum, Paspalum stellatum, Schizachyrium microstachyum, Schizachyrium sanguineum) and invasive (Melinis minutiflora and Andropogon gayanus) grasses to variations in natural stressors and to disturbance (fire and clipping), in order to understand changes in ecosystem functioning and competition processes between the grasses, and to understand invasion dynamics in this ecosystem. The presence of invasive species proved to affect the ecosystem functioning by increasing soil feeding activity. These differences were no longer observed in the dry season or when fires were frequent, showing that water availability and fire are more detrimental to soil feeding activity than is the vegetation. Laboratory experiments showed that both drought and flood simulated scenarios damaged both species, although the invasive species performed better under all watering conditions and responded better to fertilization. Underlying mechanisms such as the efficiency of photosynthesis and antioxidant mechanisms helped to explain this behavior. The invasive species grew faster and showed less cellular damage and a healthier photosystem, reflected in higher assimilation rates under stress. These differences between the native and invasive species were reduced with clipping, especially in dry soil with no fertilization, where the native species recovered better in relation to the pre-clipping levels. Flooding was as stressful as drought, but the invasive species can bypass this issue by growing an extensive root system, especially in the better-drained soils. Fire is more detrimental than clipping, with a slower recovery, while post-fire temperatures affect the germination of both invasive and native seeds and may be an important factor influencing the persistence of a diverse biota. This approach will finally contribute to the choice of the appropriate management techniques to preserve the Cerrado’s biodiversity.