Transferência de tecnologia: as práticas actuais e uma metodologia para análise subjectiva das instituições

O domínio científico da investigação é a Gestão da Inovação e a Gestão da Transferência de Conhecimento e de Tecnologia, tendo como tema central as relações entre empresas e agentes de inovação que fazem da Transferência de Tecnologia uma das suas actividades, pelo que se tenta caracterizar e validar uma Metodologia de análise subjectiva adequada ao estudo daqueles agentes, enquanto disseminadores de conhecimento, e as formas de maximizar a sua actuação quando tenta atender às necessidades das empresas, tais como a transferência de conhecimento e de tecnologias, ao mesmo tempo que valoriza o seu conhecimento. O trabalho proposto tem como objectivo principal contribuir para o fomento de estudos que permitam classificar as acções dos Agentes de Inovação na sua vertente de disseminador do conhecimento, requerendo assim entender as relações subjacentes aos processos de criação, transferência e difusão de conhecimento. Este contributo passa pelo estudo das formas de aplicação de mecanismos específicos na gestão das relações daqueles agentes, quando estes actuam em parceria com as empresas. Tem ainda em vista contribuir com este estudo para o desenvolvimento de ferramentas que auxiliem as políticas governamentais no que diz respeito às questões de gestão da inovação e da transferência de conhecimento e de tecnologia. Os seguintes objectivos específicos são propostos: - Evidenciar as práticas actuais que promovem a interacção nas diversas fases do processo assim como a existência de práticas transversais àqueles; - Validar uma Metodologia que, utilizando os conhecimentos anteriores, possibilite a identificação de “bottlenecks” no processo e aponte um conceito de solução para a eliminação destes bottlenecks, apontando medidas para a melhoria dos processos e recursos existentes para valorização do conhecimento gerado pela I&D e atender às necessidades das empresas, sem causar prejuízo à própria investigação e outras actividades da Instituição de I&D. Propomos uma Metodologia de análise que, além de identificar facilitadores críticos (no sentido de serem os mais importantes) para aquele cenário no que toca ao relacionamento com Empresas, também pode descrever um conceito de solução baseado na reengenharia de processos e procedimentos e introdução e utilização de novos conceitos, como os de Gestão de Informação, para aquela Instituição. Para isso procuraremos validar, baseado no conhecimento disponível e aplicação em casos reais, um conjunto de regras de boas práticas que, agrupadas nos facilitadores actuais de TT, reflictam o estado da arte na Gestão da Transferência de Tecnologia e ajudem a caracterizar as Instituições de I&D no que toca ao relacionamento com a envolvente Empresarial.

Management and Control of Water Supply Systems

The fast increase in the energy’s price has brought a growing concern about the highly expensive task of transporting water. By creating an hydraulic model of the Water Supply System’s (WSS) network and predicting its behaviour, it is possible to take advantage of the energy’s tariffs, reducing the total cost on pumping activities. This thesis was developed, in association with a technology transfer project called the E-Pumping. It focuses on finding a flexible supervision and control strategy, adaptable to any existent Water Supply System (WSS), as well as forecasting the water demand on a time period chosen by the end user, so that the pumping actions could be planned to an optimum schedule, that minimizes the total operational cost. The OPC protocol, associated to a MySQL database were used to develop a flexible tool of supervision and control, due to their adaptability to function with equipments from various manufacturers, being another integrated modular part of the E-Pumping project. Furthermore, in this thesis, through the study and performance tests of several statistical models based on time series, specifically applied to this problem, a forecasting tool adaptable to any station, and whose model parameters are automatically refreshed at runtime, was developed and added to the project as another module. Both the aforementioned modules were later integrated with an Graphical User Interface (GUI) and installed in a pilot application at the ADDP’s network. The implementation of this software on WSSs across the country will reduce the water supply companies’ running costs, improving their market competition and, ultimately, lowering the water price to the end costumer.

U-TRACER® - the use of communication technology in higher education - an information visualization tool for the context of Portuguese public higher education

Information Visualization is gradually emerging to assist the representation and comprehension of large datasets about Higher Education Institutions, making the data more easily understood. The importance of gaining insights and knowledge regarding higher education institutions is little disputed. Within this knowledge, the emerging and urging area in need of a systematic understanding is the use of communication technologies, area that is having a transformative impact on educational practices worldwide. This study focused on the need to visually represent a dataset about how Portuguese Public Higher Education Institutions are using Communication Technologies as a support to teaching and learning processes. Project TRACER identified this need, regarding the Portuguese public higher education context, and carried out a national data collection. This study was developed within project TRACER, and worked with the dataset collected in order to conceptualize an information visualization tool U-TRACER®. The main goals of this study related to: conceptualization of the information visualization tool U-TRACER®, to represent the data collected by project TRACER; understand higher education decision makers perception of usefulness regarding the tool. The goals allowed us to contextualize the phenomenon of information visualization tools regarding higher education data, realizing the existing trends. The research undertaken was of qualitative nature, and followed the method of case study with four moments of data collection.The first moment regarded the conceptualization of the U-TRACER®, with two focus group sessions with Higher Education professionals, with the aim of defining the interaction features the U-TRACER® should offer. The second data collection moment involved the proposal of the graphical displays that would represent the dataset, which reading effectiveness was tested by end-users. The third moment involved the development of a usability test to the UTRACER ® performed by higher education professionals and which resulted in the proposal of improvements to the final prototype of the tool. The fourth moment of data collection involved conducting exploratory, semi-structured interviews, to the institutional decision makers regarding their perceived usefulness of the U-TRACER®. We consider that the results of this study contribute towards two moments of reflection. The challenges of involving end-users in the conceptualization of an information visualization tool; the relevance of effective visual displays for an effective communication of the data and information. The second relates to the reflection about how the higher education decision makers, stakeholders of the U-TRACER® tool, perceive usefulness of the tool, both for communicating their institutions data and for benchmarking exercises, as well as a support for decision processes. Also to reflect on the main concerns about opening up data about higher education institutions in a global market.