Experimentalism in the Irish Novel, 1750-1770

While recent studies of the novel have turned their attention to the diverse experimentalism of mid-century fiction, a number of significant Irish novels of the period remain under-represented in such work. William Chaigneau, Thomas Amory, Charles Johnstone and Henry Brooke are discussed as experimental novelists, extending the 'new species of writing' by their incorporation of theology and politics, education and philosophy within a fictional frame.

Avoiding Negligence and Profusion: The failure of the Joint-Stock form in the Anglo-Indian Tea Trade, 1840-1870

In the 19th century, firms operating in the Anglo-Indian tea trade were organised using a variety ownership forms including the partnership, joint-stock and a combination of the two known as the Managing agency. Faced with both an increasing need for fixed capital and high agency costs caused by the distance between owners and managers, the firms adapted and increasingly adopted the hybrid managing agency model to overcome these problems. Using new data from Calcutta and Bengal Commercial Registers and detailed case studies of the Assam Company and Gillanders, Arbuthnot and Co, this paper demonstrates that British entrepreneurs did not see the choice of ownership as a dichotomy or firm boundaries as fixed, but instead innovatively drew on the strengths of different forms of ownership to compete and grow successfully.