A method of false coincidence removal from measurements of quadruple coincidences between two photoelectrons and two photoions generated in molecular double photoionization

The removal of false coincidences from measurements of coincidences between two photoelectrons and one or two ions formed in molecular double photoionization is described. False coincidences arise by several mechanisms; experimental procedures and mathematical formulae required to remove all the different false coincidence contributions are described. Sample spectra taken of the double photoionization of carbon dioxide are presented to illustrate the method of false coincidence subtraction.

A New Method of Demonstrating Spider Nevi

This paper describes a new clinical sign not previously reported. It is a method of demonstrating that a vascular lesion of the skin is a 'Spider Nevus' as opposed to any other type of vascular lesion.

An efficient method of radiation attenuation through aircraft cooling vents

Some critical avionic systems require cooling air via vents on the side of the aircraft, thus creating leakage points for high-intensity electromagnetic radiation. This paper presents a novel application of high-intensity radiated field (HIRF) shielding using a rectangular waveguide array, while maintaining cooling airflow requirements. Signal attenuation versus frequency and depth of the array has been calculated using closed-form equations. The simulation and measurement results are in good agreement with the calculated values. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Absolute configuration of conformationally flexible cis-dihydrodiol metabolites by the method of confrontation of experimental and calculated electronic CD spectra and optical rotations

We have determined the absolute configurations of conformationally flexible cis-dihydrodiol metabolites (cis-1,2-dihydroxy-3,5-cyclohexadienes), bearing different substituents (e.g., Br, F, CF3, CN, Me) in 3- and 5-positions, by the method of confrontation of experimental and calculated electronic CD spectra and optical rotations. Convergent results were obtained by both methods in eight out of ten cases. For the difficult cases, where either conformer population and/or chiroptical properties (calculated rotational strengths of the long-wavelength Cotton effect or optical rotations) of contributing conformers remain inconclusive, the absolute configuration could still be correctly assigned based on one of the biased properties (either ECD or optical rotation). This approach appears well-suited for a broad spectrum of conformationally flexible chiral molecules.

Tailoring the AMC and EBG characteristics of periodic metallic arrays printed on grounded dielectric substrate

The artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) and electromagnetic band gap (EBG) characteristics of planar periodic metallic arrays printed on grounded dielectric substrate are investigated. The currents induced on the arrays are presented for the first time and their study reveals two distinct resonance phenomena associated with these surfaces. A new technique is presented to tailor the spectral position of the AMC operation and the EBG. Square patch arrays with fixed element size and variable periodicities are employed as working examples to demonstrate the dependence of the spectral AMC and EBG characteristics on array parameters. It is revealed that as the array periodicity is increased, the AMC frequency is increased, while the EBG frequency is reduced. This is shown to occur due to the different nature of the resonance phenomena and the associated underlying physical mechanisms that produce the two effects. The effect of substrate thickness is also investigated. Full wave method of moments (MoM) has been employed for the derivation of the reflection characteristics, the currents and the dispersion relations. A uniplanar array with simultaneous AMC and EBG operation is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally.

Efficient modeling of novel uniplanar left-handed metamaterials

This paper presents an efficient. modeling technique for the derivation of the dispersion characteristics of novel uniplanar metallodielectric periodic structures. The analysis is based on the method of moments and an interpolation scheme, which significantly accelerates the computations. Triangular basis functions are used that allow for modeling of arbitrary shaped metallic elements. Based on this method, novel uniplanar left-handed (LH) metamaterials are proposed. Variations of the split rectangular-loop element printed on grounded dielectric substrate are demonstrated to possess LH propagation properties. Full-wave dispersion curves are presented. Based on the dual transmission-line concept, we study the distribution of the modal fields And the variation of series capacitance and shunt inductance for all the proposed elements. A verification of the left-handedness is presented by means of full-wave simulation of finite uniplanar arrays using commercial software (HFSS). The cell dimensions are a small fraction of the wavelength (approximately lambda/24) so that the structures can he considered as a homogeneous effective medium. The structures are simple, readily scalable to higher frequencies, and compatible with low-cost fabrication techniques.

The Open Method of Coordination on Health Care After the Lisbon Strategy II: Towards a Neoliberal Framing?

This paper undertakes a content analysis of the discourse on the Open Method of Coordination on Health Care (OMC/HC) in order to show how equity and solidarity are increasingly linked to optimisation and, as such, how neoliberalism increasingly frames health care. Some of the side-effects of this reframing for politics are highlighted: legitimating and extending EU governance, reducing the space for oppositional formations and limited citizenship. The analysis begins by interrogating the broader context of the Lisbon Strategy II, after which the techniques of the OMC/HC and its substantive outputs are analysed.