Densities, speeds of sound, isentropic compressibilities, refractive indexes, and viscosities of tetrahydrofuran with haloalkane or alkyl ethanoate at T = 303.15 K

Isentropic compressibilities ?S, excess isentropic compressibilities image, excess molar volumes VE, viscosity deviations ??, and excess Gibbs energy of activation of viscous flow ?G*E for nine binary mixtures of C4H8O with CCl4, CHCl3, CHCl2CHCl2, 1-C6H13Cl, 1-C6H13Br, CH3CO2CH3, CH3CO2C2H5, CH3CO2C4H9, and CH3CO2C5H11 at 303.15 K have been derived from experimental densities ?, speeds of sound u, refractive indexes nD and viscosities ?. The limiting values of excess partial molar volumes of C4H8O at infinite dilution image in different solvents have been estimated. The results obtained for dynamic viscosity of binary mixtures were used to test the semi-empirical relations of Grunberg–Nissan, Tamura–Kurata, Hind–McLaughlin–Ubbelohde, Katti–Chaudhri, McAllister, Heric, and Auslaender. Finally, the experimental refractive indexes were compared with the predicted results for Lorentz–Lorenz, Dale–Gladstone, Eykman, Arago–Boit, Newton, Oster, Heller, and Wiener equations.

Image-Based Spatialization

An approach to spatialization is described in which the pixels of an image determine both spatial and other attributes of individual elements in a multi-channel musical texture. The application of this technique in the author’s composition Spaced Images with Noise and Lines is discussed in detail. The relationship of this technique to existing image-to-sound mappings is discussed. The particular advantage of modifying spatial properties with image filters is considered.

The Absent Image in Electronic Music

A survey of the after-effects of recording technology on media arts, particularly in the digital age. The article covers a wide variety of sound artists, including work by the author.

Perceptual investigation of image placement with Ambisonics for non-centred listeners

Ambisonics is a scalable spatial audio technique that attempts to present a sound scene to listeners over as large an area as possi- ble. A localisation experiment was carried out to investigate the performance of a first and third order system at three listening positions - one in the centre and two off-centre. The test used a reverse target-pointer adjustment method to determine the error, both signed and absolute, for each combination of listening posi- tion and system. The signed error was used to indicate the direc- tion and magnitude of the shifts in panning angle introduced for the off-centre listening positions. The absolute error was used as a measure of the performance of the listening position and systems combinations for a comparison of their overall performance. A comparison was made between the degree of image shifting be- tween the two systems and the robustness of their off-centre per- formance.

Silence and the Image: Raymond Depardon's New York, N.Y.

What was given up in giving up the silence of film, in particular the silence of the city? Echoing Stanley Cavell, this essay contemplates Raymond Depardon’s experimental documentary New York, N.Y. (1985), a film that travels between sound and silence, quietly addressing questions concerning the nature of the photographic medium itself.

Particle Image Velocimetry Investigation of a finite amplitude pressure wave

Particle image velocimetry is used to study the motion of gas within a duct subject to the passage of a finite amplitude pressure wave. The wave is representative of the pressure waves found in the exhaust systems of internal combustion engines. Gas particles are accelerated from stationary to 150 m/s and then back to stationary in 8 ms. It is demonstrated that gas particles at the head of the wave travel at the same velocity across the duct cross section at a given point in time. Towards the tail of the wave viscous effects are plainly evident causing the flow profile to tend towards parabolic. However, the instantaneous mean particle velocity across the section is shown to match well with the velocity calculated from a corresponding measured pressure history using 1D gas dynamic theory. The measured pressure history at a point in the duct was acquired using a high speed pressure transducer of the type typically used for engine research in intake and exhaust systems. It is demonstrated that these are unable to follow the rapid changes in pressure accurately and that they are prone to resonate under certain circumstances.