The Reintegration of Sex Offenders: Barriers and Opportunities for Employment

The process of reintegration of offenders after release from prison, or during a community sentence, is a key aim of criminal justice policy. This article provides details from recent research that investigated the barriers and opportunities to employment for sex offenders. The authors describe the barriers that are faced by sex offenders and the anxieties that employers experience when employing sex offenders. The authors conclude that the approach taken by the State is less than reintegrative and serves to increase the barriers and reduce the opportunities for employment for sex offenders.

Two-Way Relaying Networks with Wireless Power Transfer: Policies Design and Throughput Analysis

This paper exploits an amplify-and-forward (AF) two-way relaying network (TWRN), where an energy constrained relay node harvests energy with wireless power transfer. Two bidirectional protocols, multiple access broadcast (MABC) protocol and time division broadcast (TDBC) protocol, are considered. Three wireless power transfer policies, namely, 1) dual-source (DS) power transfer; 2) single-fixed-source (SFS) power transfer; and 3) single-best-source (SBS) power transfer are proposed and well-designed based on time switching receiver architecture. We derive analytical expressions to determine the throughput both for delay-limited transmission and delay-tolerant transmission. Numerical results corroborate our analysis and show that MABC protocol achieves a higher throughput than TDBC protocol. An important observation is that SBS policy offers a good tradeoff between throughput and power.

The class impact of post disaster restoration policies: The example of Ilia, Greece and the need for a politics of disaster

This article presents research findings from selected rural communities that were struck in 2007 by one of the largest fires in history in Greece. The restoration policies implemented resulted in a class-differentiated recovery process. The article examines this development in the context of neoliberal policies and argues that political context should be a locus of intervention.

Πολιτικες ασύλου της ΕΕ- A critical review of the European policies of asylum: The re-positioning of asylum seekers from refugees/victims in need of protection to criminals (illegal immigrants)

This publication traces how asylum seekers are repositioned in the existing European asylum legislation from asylum seekers as victims in need of protection, to criminals . It is argued that this is due to the European legislation concerning the area of freedom, security and justice. The latest asylum legislation seems to undermine the refugee status which -as it is widely known- is safeguarded by the 1951 Geneva Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and its relevant 1967 Protocol. Additionally, in this paper the role of social workers and other social scientists to protect the rights of asylum seekers and question the existing legislation is presented.

Introduction: Beyond the Divided City: Policies and Practices of Shared Space

Introduction to special feature on 'post-conflict' Belfast

Just a piece of cloth? German courts and employees with headscarves

On 10 October 2002, and on 24 September 2003, the German Federal Labour Court and the German Federal Constitutional Court each delivered a decision on the consequences of wearing a headscarf for employees. Both courts appeared to protect the individual rights of the woman in question. The Federal Labour Court invalidated the dismissal of a salesperson based on the wearing of a headscarf; the Federal Constitutional Court held that a school teacher must not be denied employment on grounds of wearing a headscarf. However, both courts also left some room for manoeuvre in favour of clothing policies or laicism principles which could be used to justify head-scarf bans. This note discussed the potential and drawback of these cases, especially as regards intersectional inequalities along the lines of gender, religion and ethnicity.

Interpretation of Section 17 Employment Protection Act in the light of ECJ case law and under consideration of the cases pending before the Federal Labour Court

This article analyses the relevance of the ECJ ruling in Junk for German labour law.

Pro-active protection against racialist discrimination in employment law - lessons from South Africa?

This study investigates the potential of the prohibition of indirect race discrimination to be used for law reform, and to uncover discriminatory practices. It reflects on the history and contents of the concept, and focuses in particular on its application in the Republic of South Africa

Affirmative Action: Comparative Policies and Controversies

This contribution to the Second Edition of the International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences considers the definition and scope of 'affirmative action' and cognate concepts, and the controversies surrounding their use, adopting a comparative method.