Preparation of nanoparticulate metal catalysts in porous supports using an ionic liquid route; hydrogenation and C-C coupling

Aerogels containing palladium metal nanoparticles were prepared using an ionic liquid route and tested for activity towards hydrogenation and Heck C-C coupling reactions. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemoenzymatic synthesis of chiral 4,4 '-bipyridyls and their metal-organic frameworks

The first enantiopure 4,4'-bipyridyls, 6, 8, and 9 have been prepared in four or five steps via bacterial dioxygenase-catalysed cis-dihydroxylation of 4-chloroquinoline 1 and C-C coupling; ligands 6 and 9 are found to be effective building blocks for the preparation of chiral metal-organic frameworks as demonstrated with the rational synthesis of two pillared-grid structures [Zn-2(fumarate)(2)(L)], which exhibit interesting structural and dynamic aspects.

The cyclic “silver-diphos” motif [Ag2(-diphosphine)2]2+ as a synthon for building up larger structure structures

The dinuclear, cyclic structural motif [Ag-2(diphosphine)(2)](2+), here termed the

A low molecular weight hydro and organogelator derived from an isohexide and sol-gel transcription of the alcogel

Heating 2,5-di-O-methanesulfonyl-1,4:3,6-dianhydro-D-sorbitol (1) in a range of solvents led to the formation of a gel state at low concentrations. 1 was found to gel aromatics, alcohols and water. The structure of 1 in the solid state was solved by single crystal X-ray crystallography; no strong hydrogen bonds or associated solvents were found in the crystal. Electron micrographs revealed the morphology of the gels to be predominantly rod-like. The ethanol alcogel was used to template silica by sol-gel transcription.

The Co-Entrapment of a Homogeneous Catalyst and an Ionic Liquid by a Sol-gel Method: Recyclable Ionogel Hydrogenation Catalysts

Molecular hydrogenation catalysts have been co-entrapped with the ionic liquid [Bmim]NTf(2) inside a silica matrix by a sot-gel method. These catalytic ionogels have been compared to simple catalyst-doped glasses, the parent homogeneous catalysts, commercial heterogeneous catalysts, and Rh-doped mesoporous silica. The most active ionogel has been characterised by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and solid state NMR before and after catalysis. The ionogel catalysts were found to be remarkably active, recyclable and resistant to chemical change.