The Association of Ownership Type With Job Insecurity and Worry About Job Stability The Moderating Effects of Fair Management, Positive Leadership, and Employment Type

This study examined whether the ownership type is associated with job insecurity and worry about job stability and whether the type of employment contract, positive leadership, and fair management moderated these associations. Survey data from 1249 Finnish female elderly care staff aged 18 to 69 years were used. Job insecurity and worry about job stability were highest in not-for-profit sheltered homes. However, positive leadership and fair management were able to mitigate this insecurity and worry. Job insecurity was highest among fixed-term employees in public sheltered homes or not-for-profit nursing homes. Thus, promoting good leadership and fair management would be of importance.

RESIDUES OF THE BETA-AGONIST CLENBUTEROL IN TISSUES OF MEDICATED FARM-ANIMALS

Reports of the illegal use of clenbuterol as a growth promotant prompted the development of a competitive enzyme immunoassay for this drug. This procedure was utilized to study the elimination of clenbuterol from tissues in sheep medicated with both therapeutic and growth-promoting doses of the drug. The results indicated that prior to removal of medication clenbuterol was widely distributed throughout the animal tissues. However as the withdrawal periods increased fluid targets such as urine and bile became less effective at detecting clenbuterol usage. At both therapeutic and growth-enhancing concentrations of clenbuterol liver samples remained positive up to the maximum withdrawal time given in this experiment (15 days). Concentrations of clenbuterol likely to cause food poisoning (> 100 ng/g) were only detected in liver samples taken prior to the removal of medication. The highest recorded concentration of clenbuterol in muscle was 22.5 ng/g.

Ownership type and team climate in elderly care facilities: the moderating effect of stress factors

Aims. This paper is a report of a study examining the association between ownership type and perceived team climate among older people care staff. In addition, we examined whether work stress factors (time pressure, resident-related stress, role conflicts and role ambiguity) mediated or moderated the above mentioned association. Background. There has been a trend towards contracting out in older people care facilities in Finland and the number of private for-profit firms has increased. Studies suggest that there may be differences in employee well-being and quality of care according to the ownership type of older people care. Methods. Cross-sectional survey data was collected during the autumn of 2007 from 1084 Finnish female older people care staff aged 1869 years were used. Team Climate Inventory was used to measure team climate. Ownership type was divided into four categories: for-profit sheltered homes, not-for-profit sheltered homes, public sheltered homes and not-for-profit nursing homes. Analyses of covariance were used to examine the associations. Results. Team climate dimensions participative safety, vision and support for innovation were higher in not-for-profit organizations (both sheltered homes and nursing homes) compared to for-profit sheltered homes and public sheltered homes. Stress factors did not account for these associations but acted as moderators in a way that in terms of task orientation and participative safety employees working in for-profit organizations seemed to be slightly more sensitive to work-related stress than others. Conclusion. Our results suggest that for-profit organizations and public organizations may have difficulties in maintaining their team climate. In consequence, these organizations should focus more effort on improving their team climate.