A Modified Pole-Zero Technique for the Synthesis of Waveguide Leaky-Wave Antennas Loaded With Dipole-Based FSS

An extension of the pole-zero matching method proposed by Stefano Maci et al. for the analysis of electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures composed by lossless dipole-based frequency selective surfaces (FSS) printed on stratified dielectric media, is presented in this paper. With this novel expansion, the dipoles length appears as a variable in the analytical dispersion equation. Thus, modal dispersion curves as a function of the dipoles length can be easily obtained with the only restriction of single Floquet mode propagation. These geometry-dispersion curves are essential for the efficient analysis and design of practical EBG structures, such as waveguides loaded with artificial magnetic conductors (AMC) for miniaturization, or leaky-wave antennas (LWA) using partially reflective surfaces (PRS). These two practical examples are examined in this paper. Results are compared with full-wave 2D and 3D simulations showing excellent agreement, thus validating the proposed technique and illustrating its utility for practical designs.

Sub-Wavelength Profile 2-D Leaky-Wave Antennas With Two Periodic Layers

A fast and accurate analysis and synthesis technique for high-gain sub-wavelength 2-D Fabry-Perot leaky-wave antennas (LWA) consisting of two periodic metallodielectric arrays over a ground plane is presented. Full-wave method of moments (MoM) together with reciprocity is employed for the estimation of the near fields upon plane wave illumination and the extraction of the radiation patterns of the LWA. This yields a fast and rigorous tool for the characterisation of this type of antennas. A thorough convergence study for different antenna designs is presented and the operation principles of these antennas as well as the radiation characteristics are discussed. Moreover, design guidelines to tailor the antenna profile, the dimensions of the arrays as well as the antenna directivity and bandwidth are provided. A study on the radiation efficiency for antennas with different profiles is also presented and the trade off between directivity and radiation bandwidth is discussed. Numerical examples are given throughout to demonstrate the technique. A finite size antenna model is simulated using commercial software (CST Microstripes 2009) which validates the technique.

Enhancing Frequency-Scanning Response of Leaky-Wave Antennas Using High-Impedance Surfaces

The use of high-impedance surfaces (HISs) to increase the frequency-scanning sensitivity of hollow leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) is presented. The LWA consists of a hollow rectangular waveguide with one of its narrow walls replaced by a partially reflective surface, and it is loaded with a metallodielectric HIS to increase its beam-scanning response. Theoretical results based on a simple transverse equivalent network illustrate the physical mechanism responsible for the improvement, and they are verified by experiments on a prototype working in the 11-16 GHz band.

Hybrid image/ray-shooting UHF radio propagation predictor for populated indoor environments

A novel model for indoor wireless communication, based on a dual image and ray-shooting approach, is presented. The model, capable of improved site-specific indoor propagation prediction, considers multiple human bodies moving within the environment. In a modern office at 2.45GHz, the combined effect of pedestrian traffic and a moving receiver causes rapid temporal fading of up to 30dB.