Volatile and persistent real exchange rates with or without sticky prices

The flexible-price two-country monetary model is extended to include a consumption externality with habit persistence. Two methodologies are employed to explore this model's ability to generate volatile and persistent exchange rates. In the first, actual data is used for the exogenous driving processes. In the second, the model is simulated using estimated forcing processes. The theory, in both cases, is capable of explaining the high volatility and persistence of real and nominal exchange rates as well as the high correlation between real and nominal rates. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Templated electrodeposition of silver nanowires in a nanoporous polycarbonate membrane from a nonaqueous ionic liquid electrolyte

Template electrodeposition has been used to prepare a wide range of nanostructures but has generally been restricted to aqueous electrolytes. We report the deposition of silver nanowires in a commercial nuclear track-etched polycarbonate template from the nonaqueous ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim][PF6]) using silver electrochemically dissolved from the anode. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows that the nanowires have a very high aspect ratio with an average diameter of 80 nm and length of 5 mu m. Ionic liquid electrolytes should greatly extend the range of metals that can be electrodeposited as nanowires using templates.

The role of theory in promoting social work values and its potential effect on outcomes in work with domestically violent men

This article is concerned with the ethical conflicts that arise for social workers when dealing with males that perpetrate violence against women and children with whom they have or had intimate relationships. In particular, the article seeks to highlight how a strong social work value base is essential when working with perpetrators whose apparent wilful violent controlling behaviour creates a major ethical dilemma for the practising social worker. The argument contends that strategies designed to protect and enhance the welfare of domestic violence victims, particularly those aimed at the re-education of perpetrators, are weakened when social workers do not adhere to a social work value base.