Polifemo en Yucatán. Variaciones sobre un episodio de la Eneida en la épica cortesiana del Quinientos

Entre los modelos literarios que, en las epopeyas quinientistas acerca de la conquista de México, sirven para dar forma épica a la materia histórica tomada de las crónicas, la Eneida de Virgilio desempeña un papel fundamental. En el presente artículo se pretende mostrar cómo la identificación de Jerónimo de Aguilar con el Aqueménides virgiliano, que se encuentra por primera vez en el Carlo famoso de Luis Zapata, reaparece en Francisco de Terrazas, en Gabriel Lobo Lasso de la Vega y en Antonio de Saavedra Guzmán, así como proponer algunas consideraciones acerca de las relaciones que se hayan podido dar entre las obras de estos poetas.

Las orlas forestales fruticosas orensano-sanabrienses: dos nuevas asociaciones del Valle del Sil

Las orlas arbustivas de los encinares acidófilos y melojares mediterráneos gallegos corresponden a dos nuevas asociaciones. Erico scopariae-Arbutetum unedonis y Genisto falcatae-Ericetum arboreae, de óptimo mesomediterráneo y supramediterráneo, respectivamente. Las propuestas se sostienen con 16 y 29 inventarios; además una catena del macizo de Trevinca sitúa ambas comunidades en el geosigmetum.

Los pastizales pioneros vivaces de los suelos serpentínicos del noroeste ibérico

Se estudian comparativamente los pastizales pioneros vivaces de los suelos serpentínicos de Galicia y del nordeste de Portugal, describiéndose la asociación Sagino merinoi-Plantagínetum radicatae nova.

1. Oxalidi latifoliae-Veronicetum persicae Br.-Bl. 1967 corr. Loidi, nombre correcto en contra del CNF

Loidi (Lazaroa 4:74. 1983) corrigió en contra del CNF el nombre de la asociación "Chenopodio-Oxalidetum violaceae Br-Rl. 1967", basándose en la determinacion errónea de la especie de Oxalis presente en la comunidad, ya que se trata de Oxalis latifolia Kunth y no de O. violacea L., según experiencia directa y referencias anteriores (cf. LAINZ, Collect. Bot. Barcelona 5 (3): 684, y DÍAZ GONZÁLEZ. Rev. Fac. Cienc. Oviedo, 15 (2): 482). Subsiguientemente, propuso el nombre Oxalidi latifoliae-Veronicetum persicae Br-Rl. 1967 corr. Loidi.

2. Luzulo (carpetanae)-Juncetum ellmanii Rivas-Martínez 1963, nombre inválido según el CNF

Rivas-Martínez (Anal. Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 21(1): 134. 1963) describe una asociación de cervunales carpetanos para la que propone el nombre «Luzulo-Juncetum ellmanii as. nova», la que sinonimiza con la asociación Luzula sudetica-Pedicularis sylvatica Tx. & Oberd. 1958. descrita en la excursión de la IPE de la misma Sierra de Guadarrama.

3. Murbeckiello boryi-Sperguletum pourretii Fernández Prieto 1983 corr. Izco & Ortiz 1989

Fernández-Prieto (Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 39(2): 495. 1983) describe con inventarios de la Sierra del Teleno y de Peña Trevinca la asociación rupícula Murbeckiello herminii-Sperguletum pourretii en cuya composición florística, según el autor del sintaxon, se integra Murbeckiella boryi (Boiss.) Rothm. subsp. herminii Rivas-Martínez.

La vegetación glerícola del Macizo de Peña Trevinca

Las gleras de Peña Trevinca y territorios adyacentes (NO de la Península Ibérica), a pesar de su reducida extensión, muestran una gran variabilidad en la vegetación colonizadora. Han podido identificarse tres asociaciones diferentes: Cryptogrammo-Dryopteridetum (Polystichetalia lonchitis): Phalacrocacarpo-Rumicetum suffruticosi y Sesamoido-Silenetum herminii (as. rova), ambas incluibles en Androsacetalia alpina. Las tres son silicícolas pero difieren ecológicamente por la naturaleza y tamaño de los bloques: grandes bloques cuarciticos, bloques medianos de cuarzo y lanchas pizarrosas pequeñas, respectivamente.

The first chronicle of Miguel Hernandez: The New Journalism (1936-1939)

This paper presents and analyzes the first literary-journalistic chronicle writen and published by Miguel Hernández: “Defensa de Madrid. Madrid y las ciudades de Retaguardia”, during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). This chronicle is the first one of a series establishing a new and personal type of journalism: literary chronicles –poetical and political-. Miguel Hernandez published his masterpieces in different newspapers as a war reporter, with his own name and with a pen-name, playing roles of director and political commissar in different newspapers in the war-trenches. Thematically, this first article shows his personal and political engagement, as well as his desire and strategy to protect the capital city of Spain: Madrid. Methodologically, the analysis is an approached to linguistics in social sciences, which presents some of the personal characteristics and style of the chronist Miguel Hernández. Thus, it becomes patent that the so-called New Journalism (narrative and literary), which flourished in the 70s, had already been deeply and efficiently practiced by Miguel Hernández 40 years before. That is the reason why Miguel Hernández deserves to be added to the well-known collective of chronicle writers that have already been rescued to this moment. His literary style and quality are installing him in a outstanding position as well as pioneer of the genre nowadays known as New Journalism that in his case, it is politically engaged

Análisis de las condiciones laborales en las entidades de la economía social en España desde una perspectiva de género

Las empresas de economía social comparten unos valores que motivan un comportamiento diferente de éstas en relación con la composición de sus plantillas, las condiciones de trabajo, su especialización productiva y su ubicación geográfica frente a las empresas ordinarias (sociedades anónimas y laborales) que no son de economía social. Este comportamiento diferencial constituye, a su vez, una importante aportación a la cohesión social y, de forma específica, desde el punto de vista de género, proporciona una mejora de la presencia y posición de las mujeres en el ámbito laboral. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es evaluar la existencia de elementos diferenciales entre las empresas de economía social y las ordinarias en cuanto a la igualdad de oportunidades, condiciones y trayectorias laborales desde una perspectiva de género, centrando el estudio en el caso de España. A partir de la Muestra Continua de Vidas Laborales (2010) se identifican dos grupos de empresas, de economía social (grupo objetivo) y de economía "no social" u ordinaria (grupo de control) equivalentes en cuanto a tamaño y sector de actividad. Para cada grupo y sus respectivos/as trabajadores/as, se realizan contrastes paramétricos y no paramétricos de diferencias de medias entre mujeres y hombres en relación a diferentes características laborales como el tipo de jornada, la duración del contrato o la estabilidad en la trayectoria laboral en la empresa. Además, se lleva a cabo una estimación de la discriminación salarial en ambos grupos siguiendo el modelo Oaxaca-Blinder. Los resultados muestran que las empresas de economía social ofrecen mejores condiciones en el acceso y la permanencia en el puesto laboral a las mujeres, una mayor estabilidad laboral y menor discriminación salarial frente a los hombres.

Project evaluation SOU-estuTUtor: mentors’ perception

The introduction of new degrees in the Faculty of Education and the relevance of educational guidance comes to them, as a compulsory subject in all four grades started from 2009-2010, gives the opportunity to return and boost the University Guidance Service (UGS) as a means of consistency with the profile of their education and professional development of its students. The aim of the paper focuses on the evaluation of the results after the first year of implementing a peer mentoring project, SOU-estuTUtor Project, developed from UGS with all degree students of the Faculty of Education for Students new entrants. Program has been evaluated through the perception and satisfaction of the mentors on the organization, training, skills developed and adapted to the needs of students. After one academic year of implementation, the results show, on the one hand, the satisfaction and commitment of those involved and the partial response to the needs of the students served, as well as the optimization of the personal resources of the university but also some limitations that make it necessary to review the mentoring program in terms of control and duration of the process.

Impact of the intrinsic motivation on the academic performance through voluntary assignments: An empirical analysis

The students academic performance is a key aspect for all agents involved in a higher education quality program. However, there is no unanimity on how to measure it. Some professionals choose assessing only cognitive aspects while others lean towards assessing the acquisition of certain skills. The need to train increasingly adapted professionals in order to respond to the companies’ demands and being able to compete internationally in a global labour market requires a kind of training that goes beyond memorizing. Critical and logical thinking are amongst written language skills demanded in the field of Social Sciences. The objective of this study is to empirically demonstrate the impact of voluntary assignments on the academic performance of students. Our hypothesis is that students who complete high quality voluntary assignments are those more motivated and, therefore, those with higher grades. An experiment with students from the "Financial Accounting II" during the academic year of 2012/13 at the Business and Economics School of the UCM was carried out. A series of voluntary assessments involving the preparation of accounting essays were proposed in order to develop skills and competencies as a complement to the lessons included in the curriculum of the subject. At the end of the course, the carrying-out or not of the essay together with its critical, reflective quality and style, were compared. Our findings show a relationship between the voluntarily presented papers of quality and the final grade obtained throughout the course. These results show that the students intrinsic motivation is a key element in their academic performance. On the other hand, the teachers role focuses on being a motivating element through the learning process.

“The new Cagliostro”: Onofroff, Rubén Darío and his story "La esfinge"

The article retraces the career of the famous hypnotist Onofroff and particularly his visit to Buenos Aires, where his activity, in 1895, provoked many discussions and some public embarrassment. In this context Darío, using a pseudonym, published his crónica “La esfinge”. We reproduce “La esfinge”, transcribing the original text of La Nación, with annotations identifying the literary and theosophical sources Darío used when he wrote it.

Hybrid philosophy and rational vitalism in Canguilhem and Ortega y Gasset

This paper explores the problem of the synthesis between vitalism and rationalism, in contemporary philosophy. With this aim, we compare the intellectual careers of Georges Canguilhem (1904-1995) and José Ortega y Gasset (1883-1955). We contrast their conceptions of philosophy as “hybrid” knowledge, closely related to science, as well as their points of view on Vitalism, anthropology, the technique and the perspectivism. To avoid that comparison is purely abstract and ahistorical, we use the method of the sociology of philosophy. This forces us to locate both paths in their respective philosophical fields and generational units, also according to his social background and professional career.