Vibrational spectra and crystal structure of the di-amino acid peptide cyclo(L-Met-L-Met): Comparison of experimental data and DFT calculations

Experimental Raman and FT-IR spectra of solid-state non-deuterated and N-deuterated samples of cyclo(L-Met-L-Met) are reported and discussed. The Raman and FT-IR results show characteristic amide I vibrations (Raman: 1649 cm-1, infrared: 1675 cm-1) for molecules exhibiting a cis amide conformation. A Raman band, assigned to the cis amide II vibrational mode, is observed at sim1493 cm-1 but no IR band is observed in this region. Cyclo(L-Met-L-Met) crystallises in the triclinic space group P1 with one molecule per unit cell. The overall shape of the diketopiperazine (DKP) ring displays a (slightly distorted) boat conformation. The crystal packing employs two strong hydrogen bonds, which traverse the entire crystal via translational repeats. B3-LYP/cc-pVDZ calculations of the structure of the molecule predict a boat conformation for the DKP ring, in agreement with the experimentally determined X-ray structure. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

DFT calculations of the structures and vibrational spectra of the [Fe(bpy)(3)](2+) and [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) complexes

Structures of the [M(bpy)(3)](2+) complexes (M = Fe and Ru) have been calculated at the B3-LYP/DZVP level. IR and Raman spectra were calculated using the optimised geometries, employing a scaled quantum chemical force field, and compared with an earlier normal coordinate analysis of [Ru(bpy)(3) ](2+) which was based upon experimental data alone, and the use of a simplified model. The results of the calculations provide a highly satisfactory fit to the experimental data and the normal coordinate analyses, in terms of potential energy distributions, allow a detailed understanding of the vibrational spectra of both complexes. Evidence is presented for Jahn-Teller distortion in the E-1 MLCT excited state. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Vibrational spectra of α-amino acids in the zwitterionic state in aqueous solution and the solid state: DFT calculations and the influence of hydrogen bonding

The zwitterionic forms of the two simplest alpha-amino acids, glycine and l-alanine, in aqueous solution and the solid state have been modeled by DFT calculations. Calculations of the structures in the solid state, using PW91 or PBE functionals, are in good agreement with the reported crystal structures, and the vibrational spectra computed at the optimized geometries provide a good fit to the observed IR and Raman spectra in the solid state. DFT calculations of the structures and vibrational spectra of the zwitterions in aqueous solution at the B3-LYP/cc-pVDZ level were found to require both explicit and implicit solvation models. Explicit solvation was modeled by inclusion of five hydrogen-bonded water molecules attached to each of the five possible hydrogen-bonding sites in the zwitterion and the integration equation formalism polarizable continuum model (IEF-PCM) was employed, providing a satisfactory fit to observed IR and Raman spectra. Band assignments are reported in terms of potential-energy distributions, which differ in some respects to those previously reported for glycine and l-alanine.

Co-acquisition of hyperpolarised 13C and 15N NMR spectra

Recent developments in dynamic nuclear polarisation now allow significant enhancements to be generated in the cryo solid state and transferred to the liquid state for detection at high resolution. We demonstrate that the Ardenkjaer-Larsen method can be extended by taking advantage of the properties of the trityl radicals used. It is possible to hyperpolarise 13C and 15N simultaneously in the solid state, and to maintain these hyperpolarisations through rapid dissolution into the liquid state. We demonstrate the almost simultaneous measurement of hyperpolarised 13C and hyperpolarised 15N NMR spectra. The prospects for further improvement of the method using contemporary technology are also discussed.