8 resultados para Modificação do estilo de vida

em ABACUS. Repositorio de Producción Científica - Universidad Europea


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SIN FINANCIACIÓN

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The so-called toxic triad of factors linked to cancer, namely obesity, poor cardiorespiratory fitness and physical inactivity, increase the risk of cancer and, when cancer is present, worsen its prognosis. Thus, obesity and a sedentary lifestyle have been linked to an elevated cancer risk whereas regular physical exercise and good cardiorespiratory function (CRF) diminish this risk. Despite genetic risk factors, there is evidence to show that some lifestyle modifications are capable of reducing the incidence of cancer and its associated morbidity and mortality. Regular physical exercise targeted at maintaining body weight within healthy limits and improving CRF will reduce a person's cancer risk and, once diagnosed, will also improve its prognosis, reducing mortality and the risk of disease recurrence through similar effects. In this review, we describe how physical activity can be used as a pleiotropic, coadjuvant tool to minimize the toxic triad for cancer and update the mechanisms proposed to date for the effects observed.

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La inactividad física y el sedentarismo han aumentado sobre todo en los países desarrollados o en vías de desarrollo y sus niveles actuales son muy altos, por lo que se considera de gran importancia su impacto a nivel de la salud pública. Múltiples estudios demuestran que la inactividad física incrementa el riesgo de padecer y empeorar diferentes patologías como las enfermedades cardiovasculares, diabetes tipo II, cáncer de colon, etc. Esta revisión bibliográfica recoge datos de la evolución y la situación actual de la inactividad física en España. Además, trata de estudiar los motivos que llevan a un estilo de vida sedentario, de analizar cuáles son sus consecuencias, de cómo reducir este factor de riesgo y de cómo la actividad física ayuda a mejorar las patologías anteriormente citadas. Por tanto, ésta revisión es una toma de conciencia y un llamamiento frente al sedentarismo, además de una exposición de las recomendaciones para ser físicamente activo y gozar de una mejor salud. La colaboración activa de los profesionales de la actividad física y del deporte es necesaria para combatir la inactividad física.

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. With atherosclerosis as the underlying cause for many CVD events, prevention or reduction of subclinical atherosclerotic plaque burden (SAPB) through a healthier lifestyle may have substantial public health benefits. The objective was to describe the protocol of a randomized controlled trial investigating the effectiveness of a 30-month worksite-based lifestyle program aimed to promote cardiovascular health in participants having a high or a low degree of SAPB compared with standard care. We will conduct a randomized controlled trial including middle-aged bank employees from the Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis cohort, stratified by SAPB (high SAPB n = 260, low SAPB n = 590). Within each stratum, participants will be randomized 1:1 to receive a lifestyle program or standard care. The program consists of 3 elements: (a) 12 personalized lifestyle counseling sessions using Motivational Interviewing over a 30-month period, (b) a wrist-worn physical activity tracker, and (c) a sit-stand workstation. Primary outcome measure is a composite score of blood pressure, physical activity, sedentary time, body weight, diet, and smoking (ie, adapted Fuster-BEWAT score) measured at baseline and at 1-, 2-, and 3-year follow-up. The study will provide insights into the effectiveness of a 30-month worksite-based lifestyle program to promote cardiovascular health compared with standard care in participants with a high or low degree of SAPB.