Montesquieu, Rousseau, Herder. De las teorías climáticas a la voz del pueblo como factor constitutivo

This article shows in which way the so-called climate theories, which have been developed since Antiquity, change over the course of time and influence the different theories on the origin of language. Via Montesquieu and Rousseau, the “climate theories” have influenced Johann Gottfried Herder, who bases on the romantic concept of Volk. By this means, a lot of ideas come into being which are fundamental for the foundation and development of the national philologies in Europe.

Nombre, imagen, cuerpo, voz. Apariciones del pueblo como grupo social diferenciado en textos del siglo XIX español: proclamas de la guerra contra Napoleón, Mariano José de Larra, Rosalía de Castro

This paper analyzes the emergence of the term 'pueble', or 'people', in Spanish literature of the nineteenth century with the meaning of differentiated social subject in a corpus composed of texts of the War of Independence by Mariano José de Larra and Rosalia de Castro. The texts and authors selected are representative of their cultural and historical contexts and together they form a part of the Spanish Romanticism.

El copernicanismo en las Españas del XVI y el XVII. Ciencia, filosofía y literatura.

In 1543 Nicolas Copernicus published his Revolutionibus Orbium's Coelelestium. This is the scientific work that gave birth to modern science, something thoroughly European, since scientists of different countries contributed to it: Poland, Italy, Germany, Spain, France, Holland, etc. A work that appeared in a crucial moment obviously represented the need of that time to correct the Julian calendar. A new procedure to calculate the positions of the stars was necessary for astrology and for the making of predictions that were important at that time. Our intention is to outline the history of how it was introduced in Spain at the beginning of the scientific revolution. We will not conceal that Spain has been a country that has only contributed to scientific literature in a deficient way, maybe we can offer some arguments that help to understand why this has happened.

El pueblo y los libros: prácticas de apropiación e intención editorial

Common people and books seem to be opposed terms. On the one hand books are usually the symbol of culture; on the other hand the culture of the Volk did not used to be a literate one. This article reviews the relation between both terms from the 16th to the 19th Century and shows that it is not possible to separate both terms, because the different ways of appropriation allow people to 'read' books in many different ways.

Los convulsos años treinta en el espejo del tiempo: La rehabilitación de la responsabilidad social del escritor

In the 21st century field of culture, the economic crisis (and its consequences) has fomented a debate on the social responsibility of the writer. In particular quite a few works of Spanish literature account for a marked responsible, interventionist and dissident discourse. Thus, from the present day and aware of historicity, this article pauses at a key episode in the trajectory of the said debate: the rehumanization of art during the 1930s, the passing from autonomy to commitment in art. A crucial aspect in the Edad de Plata is addressed with the aim of precisely showing how a milestone in the attitude of the creator before society and its disruptions arose, how an exemplary case developed for exploring aspects specific to this positioning of the author, which is itself being reconsidered today.

Historiografía, mantenimiento y pérdida de la identidad léxica y cultural: el caso de Gualchos a través de los datos del proyecto Vitalex

This work aims at providing a first approximation to the study of lexical vitality by comparing its results to those of ALEA as well as carrying out a study on the current state of affairs. These results represent our early data collection from location 515 corresponding to Gualchos in La Alpujarra. Here we show a very interesting relationship between the deep socio-economic and demographic transformation of the area and a lexical mutation that is shown by a high percentage of lexical mortality and a loss of dialectal specificity giving rise to a shift towards standard terms, especially in fields related to agricultural and ranching life.