Synaptolaemus latofasciatus, a new combination for Leporinus latofasciatus Steindachner, 1910 and its junior synonym Synaptolaemus cingulatus Myers and Fernandez-Yepez, 1950 (Characiformes: Anostomidae)

Leporinus latofasciatus was described by Steindachner (1910) on the basis of a single specimen collected in the rio Orinoco, Venezuela. Since then, no other specimen of the species was mentioned in the literature, and the species was only listed in catalogues, eventually mentioned and treated as a ""poorly known"" species, or even omitted in checklists of fishes from Venezuela. During a visit to the fish collection at the Naturhistorisches Museum at Vienna (NMW) to examine all the type specimens of Leporinus, we were able to study the holotype of Leporinus latofasciatus and recognize that the specimen corresponds to the species described by Myers and Fernandez-Yepez (in Myers, 1950) as Synaptolaemus cingulatus. Thus, the latter is a junior synonym of Leporinus latofasciatus and, based on that, Synaptolaemus latofasciatus (Steindachner, 1910) should be the name applied for this taxon, as a new combination. Herein new data on the holotype of Synaptolaemus latofasciatus are presented and compared with previously data from other authors. In addition, illustrations of live specimens are presented as well as new distribution records for the species.

Origens dos empresários da indústria de máquinas e equipamentos em São Paulo, 1870-1900

O objetivo específico deste artigo é identificar as origens dos empresários, como nacionalidade e gênese do capital para o início da atividade, na indústria de máquinas e equipamentos em São Paulo, e a evolução do setor no período de 1870 a 1900. Tentamos identificar os empreendimentos na indústria e sua relação com o comércio importador e exportador, com os fazendeiros de produtos para exportação (principalmente o café), com os imigrantes comerciantes e com os que possuíam algum conhecimento técnico.