Endoscopic Laser Thyroarytenoid Myoneurectomy in Patients with Adductor Spasmodic Dysphonia: A Pilot Study on Long-Term Outcome on Voice Quality

Objectives. Adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ADSD) is a focal laryngeal dystonia, which compromises greatly the quality of life of the patients involved. It is a severe vocal disorder characterized by spasms of laryngeal muscles during speech, producing phonatory breaks, forced, strained and strangled voice. Its symptoms result from involuntary and intermittent contractions of thyroarytenoid muscle during speech, which causes vocal fold to strain, pressing each vocal fold against the other and increasing glottic resistance. Botulinum toxin injection remains the gold-standard treatment. However, as injections should be repeated periodically leading to voice quality instability, a more definitive procedure would be desirable. In this pilot study we report the long-term vocal quality results of endoscopic laser thyroarytenoid myoneurectomy. Study Design. Prospective study. Methods. Surgery was performed in 15 patients (11 females and four males), aged between 29 and 73 years, diagnosed with ADSD. Voice Handicap Index (VHI) was obtained before and after surgery (median 31 months postoperatively). Results. A significant improvement in VHI was observed after surgery, as compared with baseline values (P = 0.001). The median and interquartile range for preoperative VHI was 99 and 13, respectively and 24 and 42, for postoperative VHI. Subjective improvement of voice as assessed by the patients showed median improvement of 80%. Conclusions. Because long-term follow-up showed significant improvement of voice quality, this innovative surgical technique seems a satisfactory alternative treatment of ADSD patients who seek a definite improvement of their condition.

Voice disorders in children and its relationship with auditory, acoustic and vocal behavior parameters

Objective: Parameters to distinguish normal from deviant voices in early childhood have not been established. The current study sought to auditorily and acoustically characterize voices of children, and to study the relationship between vocal behavior reported by teachers and the presence of vocal aberrations. Methods: One hundred children between four and 6 years and 11 months, who attended early childhood educational institutions, were included. The sample comprised 50 children with normal voices (NVG) and 50 with deviant voices (DVG) matched by gender and age. All participants were submitted to auditory and acoustic analysis of vocal quality and had their vocal behaviors assessed by teachers through a specific protocol. Results: DVG had a higher incidence of breathiness (p < 0.001) and roughness (p < 0.001), but not vocal strain (p = 0.546), which was similar in both groups. The average F-0 was lower in the DVG and a higher noise component was observed in this group as well. Regarding the protocol used "Aspects Related to Phonotrauma - Children's Protocol", higher means were observed for children from DVG in all analyzed aspects and also on the overall means (DVG = 2.15; NVG = 1.12, p < 0.001). In NVG, a higher incidence of vocal behavior without alterations or with discrete alterations was observed, whereas a higher incidence of moderate, severe or extreme alterations of vocal behavior was observed in DVG. Conclusions: Perceptual assessment of voice, vocal acoustic parameters (F-0, noise and GNE), and aspects related to vocal trauma and vocal behavior differentiated the groups of children with normal voice and deviant voice. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Análise sistemática dos benefícios do uso do implante coclear na produção vocal

OBJETIVO: Realizar uma revisão sistemática de pesquisas relacionadas às características vocais de crianças ou adultos com deficiência auditiva usuários de implante coclear. ESTRATÉGIAS DE PESQUISA: Foi realizada uma busca com os descritores voz, qualidade da voz e implante coclear, e seus respectivos correspondentes na língua inglesa, nas bases de dados Web of Science, Bireme, portal de teses e dissertações da USP e banco de teses e dissertações da CAPES. CRITÉRIOS DE SELEÇÃO: Os critérios adotados incluíram título condizente com a proposta deste estudo, casuística necessariamente englobando crianças ou adultos com deficiência auditiva de grau severo a profundo, pré ou pós-linguais, usuários de implante coclear e que tenham passado por análise perceptivo-auditiva e/ou acústica da qualidade vocal. RESULTADOS: Vinte e sete trabalhos foram classificados seguindo-se os níveis de evidências e indicadores de qualidade empregados pela American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). Os desenhos dos trabalhos analisados foram considerados de média e baixa evidência científica. Seis trabalhos foram classificados como nível de evidência IIb, 20 como III, e um como IV. CONCLUSÃO: A qualidade vocal da criança ou adulto com deficiência auditiva usuário de implante coclear tem sido estudada em pequena escala. Não há um número efetivo de estudos com alto índice de evidência que demonstrem com precisão os efeitos do implante coclear na qualidade vocal desses indivíduos.