2 resultados para Regla

em Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual da Universidade de São Paulo


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In this study, we analyzed the ABCD1 gene in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) patients and relatives from 38 unrelated families from South America, as well as phenotypic proportions, survival estimates, and the potential effect of geographical origin in clinical characteristics. Methods: X-ALD patients from Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay were invited to participate in molecular studies to determine their genetic status, characterize the mutations and improve the genetic counseling of their families. All samples were screened by SSCP analysis of PCR fragments, followed by automated DNA sequencing to establish the specific mutation in each family. Age at onset and at death, male phenotypes, genetic status of women, and the effect of family and of latitude of origin were also studied. Results: We identified thirty-six different mutations (twelve novel). This population had an important allelic heterogeneity, as only p. Arg518Gln was repeatedly found (three families). Four cases carried de novo mutations. Intra-familiar phenotype variability was observed in all families. Out of 87 affected males identified, 65% had the cerebral phenotype (CALD). The mean (95% CI) ages at onset and at death of the CALD were 10.9 (9.1-12.7) and 24.7 (19.8-29.6) years. No association was found between phenotypic manifestations and latitude of origin. One index-case was a girl with CALD who carried an ABCD1 mutation, and had completely skewed X inactivation. Conclusions: This study extends the spectrum of mutations in X-ALD, confirms the high rates of de novo mutations and the absence of common mutations, and suggests a possible high frequency of cerebral forms in our population.

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Los ambientes marinos y estuarinos estuvieron gradualmente sujetos a impactos significativos durante el siglo XX, debido al incremento en el uso como sumideros de desechos antropogénicos, afectando a las comunidades acuáticas que las habitan. Varios estudios han demostrado que es posible determinar relaciones entre los foraminíferos y condiciones ambientales tanto naturales como antropogénicas. Los foraminíferos bentónicos pueden ser afectados por variables ambientales tales como: concentración de materia orgánica, niveles de oxígeno, cambios en la salinidad y la presencia de metales pesados en el sedimento. Variaciones en estas condiciones pueden influenciar su abundancia y diversidad, y resultar en la deformación de sus caparazones. Como regla general, los foraminíferos que son abundantes y tienen una distribución geográfica amplia son las especies tolerantes a la contaminación. Es el caso de Ammonia tepida, especie eurihalina y oportunista, que ha sido reportada como dominante cerca de efluentes de metales pesados, aguas residuales, efluentes químicos y térmicos, y fertilizantes. Bajo condiciones adversas, algunas especies oportunistas pueden mudar su estrategia reproductiva de sexuada a asexuada, generando organismos menores de ciclo de vida corto con una tasa de reproducción más elevada, por lo que la biometría de los caparazones puede ser una herramienta útil como indicador de tales condiciones.