Alimentação hospitalar: proposições para a qualificação do Serviço de Alimentação e Nutrição, avaliadas pela comunidade científica

The scope of this paper is to validate proposals used to qualify hospital food by the Brazilian scientific community. An electronic questionnaire was applied to clinical nutrition professionals registered on the Lattes Platform (Brazilian database of institutions and researchers' curricula in the areas of Science and Technology). The questionnaire incorporated a Likert scale and had spaces for comments. The themes dealt with patient participation, the nutritional and sensory quality of hospital diets, and planning and goals of the Hospital Food and Nutrition Service (HFNS). The questionnaire also asked for the top five priorities for a HFNS. Proposals with total or partial adherence equal to or greater than 70% were considered to be approved. All proposals had total adherence equal to or greater than 70%. The proposal that had minimal adherence (70%) was the one that proposed that nutritional intervention must be arranged by mutual agreement with the patient. The proposal that had maximal adherence (93%) was the one advocating that there must be statistical control on diets prescribed by the HFNS. The most cited priorities referred to infrastructure and training of human resources (40%), the quality of hospital food (27%) and the nutritional status of the patient.

Crossing over does occur in males of Drosophila ananassae from natural populations

Spontaneous crossing over in males of Drosophila ananassae has been well demonstrated using F-1 individuals from crosses between marker stocks and wild type strains. However, the question of its occurrence in males from natural populations remained open. Here we present the cytological evidence that crossing over does occur in males of D. ananassae from two Brazilian populations, sampled nearly 21 years apart, and in two recently sampled populations, one from Indonesia and one from Okinawa, Japan. Cytological analysis of meiosis in males collected from nature and in sons of females from the same population inseminated in nature revealed the presence of chiasmata, inversion chiasmata, and isosite chromosome breakages in the diplotene cells in all sampled populations. These data demonstrate that reciprocal and nonreciprocal exchanges and chromosome breakages, previously reported as related events of male crossing over, do occur at variable frequencies among males from natural populations.

Sugar intake is correlated with adiposity and obesity indicators and sedentary lifestyle in Brazilian individuals with morbid obesity

Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by increased accumulation of body fat. We evaluated the socioeconomic aspects, body composition, risk of metabolic complications associated with obesity, eating habits and lifestyle in both women and men adults and elderly with body mass index (BMI) 40 kg/m(2). Among the subjects studied, 79% (n = 32) are female, 5% (n = 2) smokers, 39% (n = 16) use alcohol and only 24% (n = 10) are practitioners of physical exercise. The higher food intake was breads, followed by rice. The daily intake of fruits and vegetables is low. Positive correlation between consumption of sugar and BMI and abdominal circumference (AC) was observed. In summary, was found that morbidly obese patients that looking for nutritional counseling presents increased body fat, poor eating habits and sedentary lifestyle.

Producción de tomate tipo italiano en función del volumen de la celda y de la edad de las mudas

Con el objetivo de evaluar la influencia de las bandejas de celdas sobre la producción de tomate tipo italiano en el campo, se realizó este trabajo en Piracicaba, SP, Brasil, de mayo a agosto del 2005. Los tratamientos consistieron en cuatro volúmenes de recipiente, tres bandejas de poliestireno expandido de 121,2; 34,6 y 12,0 cm³ y de una bandeja de plástico rígido de 14,0 cm³ (72, 128, 288 y 450 celdas, respectivamente) combinadas con cuatro edades para el trasplante (19, 24, 29 y 34 días después de la siembra). El delineamiento para la producción de mudas fue completamente al azar, con cinco plantas por parcela y tres repeticiones. Se analizaron área foliar, altura, masa verde y seca de la parte aérea y raíz y la calidad de las mudas. En la producción a campo, el delineamiento fue en bloques al azar con diez plantas por parcela y tres repeticiones. Fueron evaluadas la precocidad para inicio de cosecha, producción comercial y total por planta. Volúmenes mayores de recipiente (121,2 y 34,6 cm³) presentaron mejor calidad de mudas. En la producción de frutos, el número comercial y total de frutos por planta fue superior en la muda de 24 días de edad, sin embargo, en la producción total de frutos, no hubo diferencia entre los tratamientos. Por otro lado, también se obtuvo precocidad para la cosecha en los tratamientos realizados en los volúmenes de 121,2 y 34,6 cm³. El volumen de recipiente de 14,0 cm³ (450 celdas) resultó en mudas de calidad muy inferior, alongadas y raquíticas.