Conhecimento: custódia e acesso - DAISY

Os arquivos do item estão no formato DAISY

Knowledge : custody and access - DAISY

Os arquivos do item estão no formato DAISY

Conhecimento: custódia e acesso - 2.ed. - DAISY

Os arquivos do item estão no formato DAISY. A mostra Conhecimento: custódia e acesso integra as comemorações dos 30 anos do Sistema Integrado de Bibliotecas da Universidade de São Paulo, SIBiUSP.

Knowledge : custody and access - 2.ed. - DAISY 

Os arquivos do item estão no formato DAISY

Knowledge : custody and access - 3.ed. - DAISY

Os arquivos do item estão no formato DAISY A mostra Conhecimento: custódia e acesso integra as comemorações dos 30 anos do Sistema Integrado de Bibliotecas da Universidade de São Paulo, SIBiUSP.

Conocimiento: custodia & acceso - 3.ed. - DAISY

Os arquivos do item estão no formato DAISY. A mostra Conhecimento: custódia e acesso integra as comemorações dos 30 anos do Sistema Integrado de Bibliotecas da Universidade de São Paulo, SIBiUSP.

Avaliação da capacitação de usuários para a recuperação da informação: o caso de uma biblioteca acadêmica

Com a disponibilidade de acesso à informação, através das tecnologias de informática e telecomunicação nas bibliotecas acadêmicas, houve significativa mudança no perfil de seus usuários. Estes passaram a formular sua estratégia de busca e obter a informação desejada, diminuindo seu contato com o bibliotecário para esse fim, mas demandando novos serviços das bibliotecas. Nesse contexto, o papel do bibliotecário mudou para acompanhar a necessidade do novo usuário; passando a ser o do educador [trainer], aquele que capacita os usuários a se tornarem permanentemente autônomos para fazer suas buscas nos sistemas de informação de forma eficiente e, sobretudo, eficaz. As bibliotecas passaram a oferecer cursos e treinamentos para que os usuários conheçam os sistemas de recuperação da informação, a arquitetura das bases de dados, e como a informação é organizada nas áreas do conhecimento, tornado-os com a competência informacional. Apresenta a experiência da Biblioteca da Faculdade de Saúde Pública, da Universidade de São Paulo, na capacitação de seus usuários no uso de bases de dados.Seu objetivo foi comparar os resultados obtidos na avaliação da capacitação dos alunos egressos dos Cursos MEDLINE e LILACS da década de 1990 (1993/1995) e, após 10 anos (2005/2006), a fim de se conhecer as mudanças no comportamento do usuário quanto à aquisição de autonomia e familiaridade no uso das bases de dados estudadas

Teses e dissertações em ciência da informação: multidisciplinaridade não revelada na avaliação da produção científica

Reflexão sobre o perfil da comunidade de pesquisadores em Ciência da Informação na ECA/USP, que emerge das análises de indicadores de formação e titulação do corpo docente dos programas de pós-graduação, em relação ao perfil temático das dissertações e teses orientadas. As linhas e os grupos de pesquisa cadastrados no CNPq são elementos de referência na categorização temática da produção científica da área. Partindo da hipótese de que ementas são elaboradas para acomodar interesses heterogêneos de pesquisadores e não refletem a produção da área, foi realizado estudo para analisar o conteúdo temático e objetos de análise das orientações efetuadas de 1999-2004 para avaliar sua pertinência em relação às linhas e grupos de pesquisa. Os resultados mostram uma gama de trabalhos de pesquisa de corpos teóricos diferentes, com novos temas incluídos no bojo da produção acadêmica que confirmam a multidisciplinaridade presente no programa mas, normalmente, não revelada plenamente nos estudos de avalição dessa mesma produção, em função das categorias utilizadas para análise e apresentação de resultados

Evaluation of the identification protocol for newborns in a private hospital

This exploratory-descriptive quantitative study aimed to evaluate the protocol for identifying newborns admitted to the Neonatal Intensive and Semi-intensive Therapy Unit of a private hospital. The case series was made up of 540 observation opportunities, selected by simple random probability sampling. The data was collected between May and August 2010 according to a form and analyzed by descriptive statistic. The protocol's general performance had a conformity index of 82.2%. There were three stages to the protocol: identification components, the identification wristbands' condition and the number of identification wristbands. The highest percentage of conformity (93%) was attributed to the second stage and the lowest (89.3%) to the third, presenting a statistically significant difference of p=0.046. In the group of 'special' neonates, 88.5% conformity was achieved. These results will make it possible to restructure the protocol for identifying newborns and to establish care and managerial goals so as to improve the quality of care and the patients' safety.

Three Postpartum Antiretroviral Regimens to Prevent Intrapartum HIV Infection

BACKGROUND The safety and efficacy of adding antiretroviral drugs to standard zidovudine prophylaxis in infants of mothers with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who did not receive antenatal antiretroviral therapy (ART) because of late identification are unclear. We evaluated three ART regimens in such infants. METHODS Within 48 hours after their birth, we randomly assigned formula-fed infants born to women with a peripartum diagnosis of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) infection to one of three regimens: zidovudine for 6 weeks (zidovudine-alone group), zidovudine for 6 weeks plus three doses of nevirapine during the first 8 days of life (two-drug group), or zidovudine for 6 weeks plus nelfinavir and lamivudine for 2 weeks (three-drug group). The primary outcome was HIV-1 infection at 3 months in infants uninfected at birth. RESULTS A total of 1684 infants were enrolled in the Americas and South Africa (566 in the zidovudine-alone group, 562 in the two-drug group, and 556 in the three-drug group). The overall rate of in utero transmission of HIV-1 on the basis of Kaplan-Meier estimates was 5.7% (93 infants), with no significant differences among the groups. Intrapartum transmission occurred in 24 infants in the zidovudine-alone group (4.8%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.2 to 7.1), as compared with 11 infants in the two-drug group (2.2%; 95% CI, 1.2 to 3.9; P=0.046) and 12 in the three-drug group (2.4%; 95% CI, 1.4 to 4.3; P=0.046). The overall transmission rate was 8.5% (140 infants), with an increased rate in the zidovudine-alone group (P=0.03 for the comparisons with the two-and three-drug groups). On multivariate analysis, zidovudine monotherapy, a higher maternal viral load, and maternal use of illegal substances were significantly associated with transmission. The rate of neutropenia was significantly increased in the three-drug group (P < 0.001 for both comparisons with the other groups). CONCLUSIONS In neonates whose mothers did not receive ART during pregnancy, prophylaxis with a two-or three-drug ART regimen is superior to zidovudine alone for the prevention of intrapartum HIV transmission; the two-drug regimen has less toxicity than the three-drug regimen. (Funded by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [NICHD] and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00099359.)

Incidence of gastric extubation of users in a home care program of a university hospital

This quantitative, prospective study, aimed to characterize the profile of users and caregivers and to measure the incidence of gastric extubation, identifying the type and the reasons for the extubation of these users in a Home Care Program of a university hospital. The population consisted of 37 subjects and the date were collected from April to August 2010. For the analysis, descriptive statistics, test of significance of 5% and calculation of indicators were adopted. It was found that 51.4% of the users were female, 67.5% in the age group >= 60 years and 67.6% presented neurological diseases. Regarding the caregivers 89.2% were female and their mean age was 50.6 years. The incidence of extubation, considering 100 days of intubation, corresponded to 1.08, with 0.26 planned and 0.82 unplanned (p=0.009). These results allowed the rates to be calculated of the extubation of patients with gastric intubation for nutritional support in domicile care, providing support in establishing care and management goals for the continuous improvement of quality.

Effects of an adapted physical activity program on the physical condition of elderly women: an analysis of efficiency

Background: Specific research tools and designs can assist in identifying the efficiency of physical activity in elderly women. Objectives: To identify the effects of physical activity on the physical condition of older women. Method: A one-year-long physical activity program (123 sessions) was implemented for women aged 60 years or older. Four physical assessments were conducted, in which weight, height, BMI, blood pressure, heart rate, absences, grip strength, flexibility, VO2max, and static and dynamic balance were assessed. The statistical analyses included a repeated measures analysis, both inferential (analysis of variance - ANOVA) and effect size (Cohen's d coefficient), as well as identification of the participants' efficiency (Data Envelopment Analysis - DEA). Results: Despite the observation of differences that depended on the analysis used, the results were successful in the sense that they showed that physical activity adapted to older women can effectively change the decline in physical ability associated with aging, depending on the purpose of the study. The 60-65 yrs group was the most capable of converting physical activity into health benefits in both the short and long term. The >65 yrs group took less advantage of physical activity. Conclusions: Adherence to the program and actual time spent on each type of exercise are the factors that determine which population can benefit from physical activity programs. The DEA allows the assessment of the results related to time spent on physical activity in terms of health concerns. Article registered in Clinicaltrials.gov under number NCT01558401.

Qualitative study of young, adult, and aged wistar rats temporomandibular synovial membrane employing light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy

The aim of this study was to analyze the rat temporomandibular joint (TMJ) synovial membrane at different ages using light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. Under light microscopic analysis, the TMJ structures were observed such as condyle, capsule, disk, the synovial membrane collagen type, and cells distribution. In the scanning electron microscopy, the synovial membrane surface exhibited a smooth aspect in young animals and there was an increase with ageing in the number of folds. The transmission electron microscopic analysis showed more synoviocytes in the synovial layer in the young group and still a great number of vesicles and cisterns dilation of rough endoplasmic reticulum in the aged group. In the three groups, a dense layer of collagen fibers in the synovial layer and cytoplasmic extensions were clearly seen. It was possible to conclude that synovial membrane structures in aged group showed alterations contributing to the decrease in joint lubrication and in the sliding between disk and joint surfaces. These characteristic will reflect in biomechanics of chewing, and may cause the TMJ disorders, currently observed in clinical processes. Microsc. Res. Tech. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

TL, OSL and C-14 dating results of the sediments and bricks from mummified nuns' grave

This paper presents the results of TL and OSL dating of soil and fragments of bricks from a grave, which was occupied by two mummified nuns, found at "Luz" Monastery, located in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The TL and OSL ages were compared to C-14 dating ones obtained from bone collagens of the mummies. The majority of the ages is related to the eighteenth century. The gamma-ray spectroscopy was used to evaluate natural radioisotope concentrations in the samples, and by using these concentrations the annual dose rates, from 3.0 to 5.3 Gy/kyr, were obtained. Neutron activation analysis was performed and the radioisotope contents results are in agreement with those obtained by gamma-ray spectroscopy. The contents of U, Th and Ce elements were higher than those found in usual sediments.

Análise da relação entre estrutura e desempenho de redes interorganizacionais colaborativas

Cada vez mais, as empresas têm percebido as vantagens de estabelecerem alianças umas com as outras, formando redes. Essas vantagens podem estar ligadas aos mais variados objetivos, que são mensurados por diferentes indicadores de desempenho. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo a determinação das características estruturais que são mais adequadas, considerando uma série de possíveis indicadores de desempenho, para uma rede interorganizacional colaborativa. Para tal, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico-exploratório em duas bases de dados, e utilizada uma abordagem qualitativa para sistematizar as informações encontradas. Como principal resultado deste trabalho, foi construído um quadro teórico que sistematiza a relação entre a estrutura e o desempenho de uma rede. Acredita-se que este artigo possa servir como uma contribuição inicial para um campo de pesquisa ainda pouco explorado.