Massa muscular de idosos do município de São Paulo - Estudo SABE: Saúde, Bem-estar e Envelhecimento

A análise da massa muscular (MM) em idosos, seja total (MMT) ou apendicular (MMA), é importante para o acompanhamento deste componente ao longo do envelhecimento, sendo que estes valores são mais associados à incapacidade funcional quando ajustados pela estatura, possibilitando, assim, a análise dos índices de massa muscular total (IMMT) e apendicular (IMMA). O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar valores normativos, expressos em médias e percentis, de MMT, MMA, IMMT e IMMA, de idosos do município de São Paulo, segundo sexo e grupos etários. A amostra foi composta por 1203 idosos de ambos os sexos, da coorte de 2006 do Estudo SABE: Saúde, Bem-estar e Envelhecimento, realizado no município de São Paulo, Brasil. As variáveis MMT e MMA foram identificadas a partir de equações preditivas, enquanto os respectivos índices, pela razão entre os valores de MM e altura, ao quadrado (em kg.m-2). Os valores médios e os desvios-padrão de MMT, de mulheres e homens, com menos de 80 e 80 anos e mais, foram, em kg, 17,7±3,6, 14,4±3,2, 26,9±3,8 e 24,1±2,9, respectivamente, enquanto os valores de MMA foram 14,4±2,1, 13,0±2,0, 21,0±2,8 e 19,4±2,3, respectivamente. Quando ajustados pela altura, os valores de IMMT foram, em kg.m-2, 7,6±1,4, 6,3±1,2, 9,8±1,1 e 8,9±0,9, e os valores de IMMA foram, 6,1±0,7, 5,7±0,7, 7,6±0,8 e 7,2±0,7, respectivamente. Todas as variáveis apresentaram alta correlação entre si (r>0,84). Homens e idosos mais jovens apresentaram maiores valores, com significância estatística, em relação aos seus pares e as diferenças entre os grupos etários são maiores entre as mulheres.

Searching for resonances in the unbound Be-6 nucleus by using a radioactive Be-7 beam

Knowledge of the He-3(He-3,2p)He-4 reaction is important for understanding stellar burning and solar neutrino production. Previous measurements have found a surprisingly large rise in the cross section at low energies that could be due to a low-energy resonance in the He-3 + He-3 (Be-6) system or electron screening. In the Be-6 nucleus, however, no excited states have been observed above the first 2(+) state at E (x) = 1.67 MeV up to 23 MeV, even though several are expected. The H-2(Be-7,H-3)Be-6 reaction has been studied for the first time to search for resonances in the Be-6 nucleus that may affect our understanding of the He-3(He-3,2p)He-4 reaction. A 100-MeV radioactive Be-7 beam from the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) was used to bombard CD2 targets, and tritons were detected by using the silicon detector array (SIDAR). A combination of reaction mechanisms appears to be necessary to explain the observed triton energy spectrum.

Measurement of prompt J/psi and beauty hadron production cross sections at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV

The ALICE experiment at the LHC has studied J/psi production at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV through its electron pair decay on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity L-int = 5.6 nb(-1). The fraction of J/psi from the decay of long-lived beauty hadrons was determined for J/psi candidates with transverse momentum p(t) > 1,3 GeV/c and rapidity vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9. The cross section for prompt J/psi mesons, i.e. directly produced J/psi and prompt decays of heavier charmonium states such as the psi(2S) and chi(c) resonances, is sigma(prompt J/psi) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 8.3 +/- 0.8(stat.) +/- 1.1 (syst.)(-1.4)(+1.5) (syst. pol.) mu b. The cross section for the production of b-hadrons decaying to J/psi with p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c and vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9 is a sigma(J/psi <- hB) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 1.46 +/- 0.38 (stat.)(-0.32)(+0.26) (syst.) mu b. The results are compared to QCD model predictions. The shape of the p(t) and y distributions of b-quarks predicted by perturbative QCD model calculations are used to extrapolate the measured cross section to derive the b (b) over bar pair total cross section and d sigma/dy at mid-rapidity.