Descriptions of Macrolygistopterus subparallelus Pic, 1930 immatures from southeastern Brazil (Coleoptera, Lycidae, Lycinae, Calochromini)

Mature larva and pupa of Macrolygistopterus subparallelus Pic are described and compared to known Calochromini immatures. Larvae were collected alive inside dead trunk in the Atlantic Forest at Estacao Biologica de Boraceia, Salesopolis, Sao Paulo, Brazil. They were maintained in laboratory conditions, and the pupal period was 12 days (one observation). The pupa of this genus is described for the first time. This larva differs from known Calochromini larvae mainly because of its almost cylindrical campodeiform body and longer urogomphi.

TITANS OF CAPITALISM IN THE MODERNIZATION OF BRAZILIAN TERRITORY: URBAN AND AWARDS PUBLIC ASSISTANCE DURING THE FIRST REPUBLIC (1889-1930)

In Brazil, the newly created Republic expressed interests of the elite increasingly committed to foreign capital. The Rio de Janeiro saw accumulate vast resources in trade and finance, deriving for industrial applications. The city appears as articulator of Brazilian territory and mediation between it and the international market. In the capital of the Republic, the conservative plan would sweep the old city and inaugurate images copied from Europe and installed in the tropics with civilizing purpose. This materialized with infrastructure financing and loans to entrepreneurs in Europe and North America, awarded public service concessions. The project relied on strong support of mayors (members or representatives of the companies involved in the reforms). This work aims to address the relationship between the mayors of Rio de Janeiro during the First Republic and international capital, focusing on strategies for the production of new spaces in motion the modernization of Brazil and its international image.

'Beheading', Rule Manipulation and Fraud: The Approval of Election Results in Brazil, 1894-1930

Studies of electoral fraud tend to focus their analyses only on the pre-electoral or electoral phases. By examining the Brazilian First Republic (1889-1930), this article shifts the focus to a later phase, discussing a particular type of electoral fraud that has been little explored by the literature, namely, that perpetrated by the legislatures themselves during the process of giving final approval to election results. The Brazilian case is interesting because of a practice known as degola ('beheading') whereby electoral results were altered when Congress decided on which deputies to certify as duly elected. This has come to be seen as a widespread and standard practice in this period. However, this article shows that this final phase of rubber-stamping or overturning election results was important not because of the number of degolas, which was actually much lower than the literature would have us believe, but chiefly because of their strategic use during moments of political uncertainty. It argues that the congressional certification of electoral results was deployed as a key tool in ensuring the political stability of the Republican regime in the absence of an electoral court.

Repercussões satíricas dos processos de escolarização do social nas ondas do rádio (1930-1940)

Este artigo analisa repercussões satíricas dos processos de escolarização do social no Brasil, presentes em antigos programas humorísticos de rádio, que, geralmente organizados pelo diálogo entre um professor e seus alunos, foram simultaneamente grandes sucessos em termos de audiência e alvos de uma crítica sistemática por parte daqueles que defendiam a radiodifusão como instrumento de divulgação da "verdadeira" cultura. Por meio do uso de fontes sonoras e impressas, objetiva compreender as razões do sucesso do gênero e, neste percurso, identificar as críticas à escola, à educação e seus sujeitos, que, jocosamente, veicularam, explicitadas em conflitos entre sonoras tradições populares e saberes escolares.

Entre antropologia e medicina: uma análise dos estudos antropológicos de Álvaro Fróes da Fonseca nas décadas de 1920 e 1930

O médico e antropólogo Álvaro Fróes da Fonseca percorreu várias cidades do Brasil durante sua trajetória profissional, na primeira metade do século XX. Atuou no magistério na cadeira de Anatomia Médico-Cirúrgica, nas Faculdades de Medicina de Porto Alegre, da Bahia e do Rio de Janeiro. Como antropólogo, exerceu atividades no Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro e, já nos anos 1960, no Instituto de Antropologia Tropical da Faculdade de Medicina do Recife. Pretendo, neste artigo, resgatar a contribuição do estudioso no campo antropológico, analisando algumas de suas pesquisas desenvolvidas no Laboratório de Antropologia do Museu Nacional e outras publicadas no periódico dessa instituição entre os anos 1920 e 1930. Neste período, ele congregou cientistas, desenvolveu e orientou vários trabalhos no âmbito da antropologia física e dos 'tipos antropológicos', voltando-se para o desenvolvimento de métodos e índices de classificação racial, ou seja, para a produção de conceitos e técnicas que orientavam a prática antropológica. Refutou o racismo científico do período, motivo pelo qual as investigações desenvolvidas por Fróes da Fonseca refletiram sobre o 'problema da raça' e a questão da mestiçagem em prol do futuro do Brasil.