Descriptions of Macrolygistopterus subparallelus Pic, 1930 immatures from southeastern Brazil (Coleoptera, Lycidae, Lycinae, Calochromini)

Mature larva and pupa of Macrolygistopterus subparallelus Pic are described and compared to known Calochromini immatures. Larvae were collected alive inside dead trunk in the Atlantic Forest at Estacao Biologica de Boraceia, Salesopolis, Sao Paulo, Brazil. They were maintained in laboratory conditions, and the pupal period was 12 days (one observation). The pupa of this genus is described for the first time. This larva differs from known Calochromini larvae mainly because of its almost cylindrical campodeiform body and longer urogomphi.

A new species of Pseudopaludicola Miranda-Ribeiro (Leiuperinae: Leptodactylidae: Anura) from the Cerrado of southeastern Brazil with a distinctive advertisement call pattern

A new species of Pseudopaludicola is described from the Cerrado of southeastern Brazil. The new taxon is diagnosed from the P. pusilla species group by the absence of either T-shaped terminal phalanges or toe tips expanded, and promptly distinguished from all (13) recognized taxa currently assigned to Pseudopaludicola by possessing isolated (instead of regular call series), long (117-187 ms) and non-pulsed advertisement calls.

The larval morphology and nest habits of Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) rogenhoferi Kohl 1884 (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Crabronidae)

The present study describes different preimaginal stages of Trypoxylon rogenhoferi examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and compares the results with observations on closely related species. Some notes on the nesting habits of this species, including their spider prey, nest parasites, and development time are provided. In short, T. rogenhoferi proved quite similar to the previous report on T. albitarse although SEM images are rarely presented in such descriptions. In fact the present study emphasized the importance of SEM images to describe fine morphological details that can be useful characters for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies. Images of some earlier development stages (first and second larval instar and egg) are presented for the first time, and compared with the few available data from other hymenopterans.

Discovery and redescription of type material of Nausithoe simplex (Kirkpatrick, 1890), comb. nov (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa: Coronatae: Nausithoidae) from the North Atlantic

With discovery and examination of type specimens in the Natural History Museum, London, UK, we reassign Stephanoscyphistoma simplex (Kirkpatrick, 1890) to the genus Nausithoe Kolliker, 1853, as Nausithoe simplex, comb. nov., and designate a lectotype for the species. Use of morphometric measurements is considered important in coronate systematics, but key features also include the unique whorl of internal cusps and the shape of these cusps. All previous records of N. simplex must be re-evaluated, taking into consideration the morphology of these internal cusps.

Two new species of marsupial tree-frogs genus Gastrotheca Fitzinger, 1843 (Anura, Hemiphractidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Two new species of Gastrotheca are described from northeastern Minas Gerais and southern Bahia, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Data on morphology, calls, mitochondrial, and nuclear DNA are provided. Allied to G. fissipes and G. megacephala, the new taxa provide evidence for a higher diversity of species of Gastrotheca than previously thought at the Atlantic Forest. The data also suggest that G. pulchra, another Atlantic Forest taxon, is more closely related to non-Atlantic Forest species than to the remaining analyzed Brazilian Gastrotheca species. This implies that the Gastrotheca at the Brazilian coastal forests have at least two independent origins.

Postispinatus youngi n. gen., n. sp (Apseudomorpha; Tanaidacea; Crustacea): phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic remarks about kalliapseudids

The presence of setae or a sensorial structure on the dactylus of pereopod 1 as one of the defining features of the family Kalliapseudidae is re-evaluated. A new genus, Postispinatus, including the new species P. youngi n. gen., n. sp., is described and thought to belong to the Kalliapseudidae based on phylogenetic analysis. The diagnostic features of new genus-and species by monotypy -are: basal article of uropod with two curved spiniform processes; exopods on the fourth and fifth pereopods of the manca stage; absence of a maxillule palp.

Phytoseiidae of Thailand (Acari: Mesostigmata), with a key for their identification

Little has been published about the phytoseiid mite fauna of Thailand. This paper presents information about the morphology and distribution of phytoseiid mites collected in Thailand between 1991 and 2011 on different plant species, a list of the species presently known from that country, and a key for their identification. Twenty six species belonging to 11 genera were collected and identified in this study, six of which are reported for the first time from Thailand. In total, 38 species of phytoseiid species of 13 genera are reported, 29 of Amblyseiinae, seven of Phytoseiinae and two of Typhlodrominae.

The discovery of male Potiicoara brasiliensis (Crustacea, Spelaeogriphacea) with notes on biology and distribution

The male of Potiicoara brasiliensis is reported for the first time with evidence of sexual dimorphism. Male diagnostic characters are described and compared with the other three species of Spelaeogriphidae. Males present differential morphology on both distal podomere articles of the antennula and antenna, an elongate and curved bare endopod on pleopod 2, a pair of short round penes on the sternum near the base of pereopod 7, and telson with dorsum almost smooth and apex straight. Material is sampled for the first time from karstic areas north of the species type-locality, Gruta Ricardo Franco near Corumba City, and Gruta do Curupira in the Araras Mountains. These new findings expand the distribution of the species over seven hundred kilometers. Comparisons between exemplars of both sexes are presented. A hypothesis on the distributional pattern of P. brasiliensis is introduced based on the geological history of Central-West Brazil.

Mannheimsia Beyer (Diptera: Phoridae): description of a new species, redescription of Mannheimsia stricta and studies on hypopygial morphology

Mannheimsia conica, sp. nov., is described, M. stricta redescribed and the hypopygial morphology including the phallus of all four Mannheimsia species is illustrated and discussed. A table with the different phallus terminology used in the main studies of this structure in Phoridae is presented. Uniformization of phallus terminology is suggested.

Illustrated key for the identification of the known zoeal stages of brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda) from tropical and subtropical Brazil, southwestern Atlantic

Approximately 370 brachyuran species have so far been recorded from the Brazilian coast, 123 of which have had their larval stages fully or partially described. The pictorial guide allows the identification of the first zoea of 110 species. The remaining 13 species with known larval stages are treated to the genus level because of difficulties in the morphological differentiation of closely related species.

Immatures of Dicrepidius Eschscholtz, 1829 and Dipropus Germar, 1839 (Elateridae, Elaterinae, Ampedini: Dicrepidiina)

The larva of Dicrepidius ramicornis (Palisot de Beauvois) and pupa of Dipropus brasilianus (Germar) are described. The larva of D. brasilianus is redescribed. The immatures of both species are illustrated. Comparisons among the known larvae of Dipropus species and between the two genera are presented. A provisional key to Dicrepidiina genera with known larvae is provided.

Redescription of five Amazonian species of Ctenus Walckenaer (Araneae, Ctenidae, Cteninae)

Five species of Ctenus from the Amazon basin are redescribed: C. delesserti (Caporiacco, 1947), C. falconensis Schenkel, 1953, C. nigritus F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897, C. serratipes F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 and C. sigma (Schenkel, 1953). Three new synonymies are proposed: Ctenus fulvipes Caporiacco, 1947, C. itatiayaeformis Caporiacco, 1955 and C. scenicus Caporiacco, 1947 with C. serratipes. The female of Ctenus nigritus is described for the first time. The distributional ranges of Ctenus nigritus and C. serratipes are extended. We also present distributional maps of the five redescribed species.

Mezilaurus introrsa (Lauraceae), a new species from Colombia

A new species of Mezilaurus from Colombia is described and illustrated in this paper. This species, Mezilaurus introrsa, is so far only known from the Ecological Station of Caparu in southeastern Colombia, Vaupes state, where it occurs in seasonally inundated forest, locally called "igapo".

Redescription of the larva of Amblyomma oblongoguttatum Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) by light and scanning electron microscopy

The larval stage of Amblyomma oblongoguttatum Koch is redescribed using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Unfed larvae were obtained from a colony of A. oblongoguttatum originated from engorged females collected on domestic pigs from Monte Negro municipally (10 degrees 29'S, 63 degrees 32'W), State of Rondonia, Western Amazon, Brazil. Several characters are presented including the chaetotaxy of the idiosoma, palpi and Haller's organ, as well as morphological features of the idiosoma, gnathosoma and legs. In addition, the porotaxy (topographical and numerical patterns of integumentary structures) were presented by using a new nomenclature recently proposed. The chaetotaxy of the larvae of A. oblongoguttatum, in general, is similar to other Neotropical Amblyomma species. Three types of integumentary structures were observed on the idiosoma: lyrifissures, small glands, and large wax glands. Topographic and numerical patterns of the integumentary structures consisted of 5 pairs of large wax glands (1 dorsal/4 ventral), 24 pairs of lyrifissures (11 dorsal/13 ventral), and 49 pairs of small glands (28 dorsal/21 ventral). These topographic and numerical patterns found for A. oblongoguttatum show only minor differences when compared with patterns of other Amblyomma larvae, however, a few key features can be used for identification of these species.

Redescriptions of two species and descriptions of three new species of the louse genus Bizarrifrons Eichler, 1938 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae)

Redescriptions of Bizarrifrons magus (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866), the type species of Bizarrifrons, and B. picturatus Carriker & Diaz-Ungria, 1961 are given based on material from their type hosts. The nymphal instars of these two species are described and illustrated for the first time. Also, three new species are named and described: B. latifrons, from the russet-backed oropendola, Psarocolius angustifrons alfredi (Des Murs, 1856); B. wecksteini, from the Amazonian oropendola, Psarocolius b. bifasciatus (Spix, 1824); and B. quasisymmetricus, from the solitary cacique, Cacicus solitarius (Vieillot, 1816) (Passeriformes: Icteridae). Two species-groups are proposed, and a checklist and a key for the species of Bizarrifrons are also included. Sequences of a portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and the nuclear elongation factor 1 alpha (EF-1 alpha) genes for two species are given for the first time in this genus.