7 resultados para Rejeito térmico

em Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de São Paulo - UNESP


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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The rising in greenhouse gases emission as consequence of industrial expansion especially in developing countries is appointed as one of those reasons responsible for global warming. High-level temperatures are set as responsible for low productivity and high levels of discomfort. With the increase of worldwide energy demand, due to the population growth, this work aims to be an introductory text revising the current ventilation (mechanical and natural) and refrigeration technologies as well as low energy cooling techniques and architectural alternatives that seeks offering good ventilation and ideal buildings temperatures, making them sustainable. In addition, the text deals with the measurement instruments used to evaluate the parameters defined by international and national standards. At last, a case of study applies few concepts and technologies described in the text, introducing the results achieved, the limitations and suggestions to future works

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In a market environment increasingly competitive, the companies need to control of this process accurately, avoiding rework or rejection of materials during industrialization. This can be achieved by defining procedure that assure the maintenance of the materials characteristics, as specified initially in the projects. This graduation work has the objective of defining the best heat treatment parameter of normalizing for Heads, part of a pressure vessel, formed in P275NH material. The methodology applied is based on the execution of a sequence of Heat Treatments, using different parameters. The process variables were the cooling velocity, the hold time and the hold temperature variation. As a result of this study, it is noticed that the mechanical properties of the materials are strongly influenced by the hold temperature variation and by the cooling velocity, both determined for the heat treatment cycle

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Due to the large use of steel in several processes around the world, there is the increasingly concern to find new materials and/or optimization and improvement of the processes, as the need to reduce the cost and a productivity increase in the primary industry, such as the siderurgy. The rolling is the most used mechanical process in the world and therefore is required the development of new tools in high volume and with optimum characteristics to support the market demand. Forged rolls used are for rolling. These rolls have heat treatment that has the purpose to achieve the appropriated mechanical properties to support the variables of the rolling process. The objective of this work is to analyze the hardness profile and the microstructure a tool steel similar to AISI A2, forged in an opened die process and submitted to heat treatment with water-cooling. The results allowed plotting a hardness profile and performing a microstructure analysis, and whereby to confirm that the heat treatment is not a quenching, but it is a material beneficiation by the hardening of superficial layer, since there is no martensitic microstructure. Therefore, this paper provides the support to future studies about the possibility to perform enhancements in this thermal heat made in the rolls produced at Gerdau Plant in Pindamonhangaba

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)