Estudo da viabilidade da implantação de frotas de veículos elétricos e híbridos elétricos no atual cenário econômico, político, energético e ambiental brasileiro

Currently there are two car models that use electricity in their propulsion systems, the electric vehicle and the hybrid electric vehicle. The electric vehicles are classified as vehicles that use electric motors in their propulsion system and batteries as a power source, on the other hand, the hybrid vehicles are classified as vehicles that use both electric motors and internal combustion engines in their propulsion system, using both batteries and líquid fuels as a power source. The main goal of this work is to analyze the characteristics of electric and hybrid electric vehicles and demonstrate the unfeasibility of the electric vehicle in the current economic, political, energetic and environmental brazilian scenario, for this purpose it was realized a study about the current brazilian situation regarding to electricity generation, current conservation status of road network, lack of electrical infrastructure for charging batteries, national lithium reserves, environmental characteristics, tax incentives, economic scenario, oil market and political positioning related to the implantation of electric or hybrid electric fleets in nacional territory. The operational characteristics analysis of electric and hybrid electric vehicles in this current scenario leads to the conclusion that currently a growth of electric vehicles fleets on a national scale is totally impractical in the Brazil, Thus, the introduction of green vehicles probably will occur primarily with hybrid electric models, motivated mainly due the bigger autonomy of this models compared to electric models, lower cost of hybrid electric models compared to electric models, factors related to the lack of recharging infrastructure and also factors related to political positioning

Determinação comparativa do grau de deformação plástica aplicado a componentes obtidos por conformação

The manufacturing process of components of Pressure Vessels has a great importance in the efficiency during the operation and life cycle of the equipment. Taking this into account, the objective of this dissertation was to analyze the methods to determine the strain rate in formed components by measuring the components themselves, and posterior results comparison with the values found in manufacturing standards of Pressure vessels. In this study the whole manufacturing process of a component from a pressure vessel, known as Head or End, was accompanied. Using the methodology obtained from literatures it was possible to execute the relative and logarithmic deformation measurements of these components and compare with the obtained results by means of equations presented in the Standards as AD-Merkblatt and ASME (for pressure vessels). The found results were also compared with the logarithmic methodology, taking into account the deformation of the empirical mesh and the thickness of the components studied. It is possible to conclude from this study that despite the existence of empirical methods of measurement of strain rate in components plastically formed, it is recommended the adoption in all situation of the component manufacturing standard. It can be noticed and explained during the development of this study and through the results found