Gás natural no panorama brasileiro e um estudo de caso no setor automotivo

The intended purpose of this paper is to present the main aspects of natural gas applied to the public transportation as well as the environmental, economical and technical impacts in this sector. Also it is given specific information to be considered when comparing natural gas to other fuels, specially the diesel. At this point is presented the types of internal combustion engines (Otto and Diesel cycle) and which type is used in each vehicle. Moreover, it is presented the main standards pollutant emission (Euro, US and Proconve) with a brief explanation of the tests made in order to approve the engines. This paper is focused on heavy duty vehicles. Also in this paper is exposed the economic impact due to the natural gas use in the public transportation fleet. In addition is presented a real case (of Berlin) and an estimative to a Brazilian city, presenting the potential of natural gas as vehicular fuel in Brazil, as well as financial and environmental aspects of the substitution

Análise da resistência à fadiga de tubos de aço API 5CT N80 Tipo Q soldados via processo de indução magnética de alta frequência (HFIW)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Características do aço API X70 utilizado em tubos de transporte de petróleo e gás

Having in mind that petroleum's history presents a huge growth, the exploration and production areas have been receiving lots of investments, in order to attend the increasing demand for gas and petroleum. Looking through that scenario, new technologies have been evolving in favor of discovering new natural petroleum deposits and act with effectiveness in truly deep waters without giving up the worldwide best operational security practices. The use of rigid pipes in marine installations have been rising quickly and, thanks to this reality, the many storage and pipe launching forms became study objects and are getting improved. The analysis of steel API X70 characteristics, proving that they are suitable for use in pipes developed to transport gas and petroleum is the theme of this presentation. A tensile test was conducted to determine the base metal's mechanical properties, draining's tension, traction's resistance, elasticity's modulus and maximum tension. An aspect that is concerning too is the metallographic analysis, in order to determine the studied iron's microstructure. Results of analyzes showed that the steel has high resistance, with good capacity for deformation and well defined yield point, concluding suitable for the application in question

Estudo da cadeia petrolífera no Brasil: uma contextualização das tendências da indústria nacional e das relevâncias do PRH48

In the past few years, the Brazilian oil and gas sector had a considered growth, gaining enough relevance at international level, and being extremely important for the Brazilian socioeconomic development. However, the sector is still limited due to technical deficiencies. This work aims to conduct a current study, comprehending the entire oil chain, since it is possible to mention the Brazilian market updates on this context. To support this study, the historical development of the Brazilian petroleum industry was presented and the main stages of the production process were exposed with an emphasis on exploration and production phases. The new technologies developed for deepwater extractions, such as the pre-salt regions, were also discussed and, in the end, the relation of this growing market with the opportunities of the Human Resources Program of n. 48 was highlighted. This program identifies the market's actual needs and it's scarce's areas with the purpose of building capacity and qualified workforces, since it is also aimed, in a national level, a self-sufficient human resources for the sector

Estudo do efeito Bauschinger em tubos de aço API 5l x70 aplicados no transporte de petróleo e gás

Despite the growing concern in seeking more sustainable energy sources, oil demand is likely to grow in coming years. To keep up with this growth, the oil industry has increasingly invested in innovation and efficiency. Knowing that, new technologies have been developed to explore deeper waters, without giving up the best practices in worldwide operational safety. The use of rigid pipelines in deepwater offshore facilities is increasing quickly and because of this, the ways of storing and launching pipe have been studied and perfected. In this paper the Bauschinger effect on API 5L X70 steel was analyzed proving that there was a reduction in yield strength when an effort was applied in a previous direction, then an effort was then applied in the opposite direction. To observe this phenomenon, the tensile test was conducted to determine the mechanical properties of the base metal, such as yield stress, tensile strength, elasticity and maximum tensile, so then compare it with the results obtained in the Bauschinger Effect Test. The analysis results showed that the steel had high resistance, with good plastic deformation capacity without failing, well-defined yield point, showing itself appropriate for the operation of oil and gas pipes