Intervención socioeconómica y supervivencia de los emprendimientos

Existe un interés creciente en la literatura estratégica y económica por investigar los factores que explican la supervivencia de los emprendimientos. Junto a la proliferación de investigaciones con clara orientación hacia los aspectos externos, en consonancia con la importancia que los emprendedores conceden al mercado, se empieza a reclamar una mayor atención a los aspectos internos. Este trabajo pretende responder a la pregunta: ¿cómo superar las limitaciones internas que obstaculizan la rentabilidad en los primeros años de vida de una empresa?. A partir de una intervención socioeconómica en una empresa consultora de reciente creación, este trabajo muestra cómo el Socio-Economic Approach to Management (SEAM) ayuda a que las nuevas empresas implementen una estrategia interna que estructure la organización y establezca un sistema de dirección de personas que asegure su supervivencia.

The evolution of the occupational status in Spain: An intergenerational approach

The relationship between the socio-economic status of parents and children is referred by the literature as intergenerational social mobility. The scope of this mobility encompasses different aspects such as educational attainment, income, wealth, prestige and occupational status. In particular, intergenerational occupational mobility is an interesting topic in the economic literature because it is positively associated with the economic achievement and the professional success. Low mobility implies that human capital, skills and talent can be misallocated. As a consequence, the workers’ efforts, their motivation and productivity could be negatively affected, which would have adverse effects on the economy growth and its competitiveness. This paper attempts to carry out the study of the evolution of intergenerational social mobility in Spain during the 21st century. The methodology applied involves to associate the National Classification of Occupations (CNO-94) with the New International Socio-economic Index of Occupational Status (ISEI-08), in order to establish a socio-economic hierarchy. Afterwards, once the occupational ranking is defined, we use statistic and econometric methods to assess the occupational transitions between fathers and children and to analyse the covariates’ effects on these transitions, including as explanatory variable the children’s educational attainment. Data used corresponds to the 2005 and 2011 Living Condition Survey (INE, 2005, 2011). The results of the study are displayed by distinguishing children according to their birth cohort.