Telefone celular como recurso didático no ensino de física

Currently, there are several factors that suggest the need for the school to review their teaching practices: 1) the speed with which information and communication technologies - ICT are spread throughout society and in particular the increasing use of mobile phone by groups in school age;2) the scope and power of integrating ICT convergence of these technological resources, that can be used as teaching resources; 3) the fact that nowadays students grow up in a technological world and make their thought patterns operating in accordance with this reality, etc... In contrast, there are educators unrelated to the appropriation of ICT, presenting, in many cases, resistance to them. There is a incongruity between how individuals use mobile phones, for example, inside and outside the school. There are also educators, schools, public educational departments claiming to be against mobile phones usage; bills and laws regulating their use in educational space, etc... For these controversial aspects we have investigated whether cell phone use as a teaching resource practices mediator in Physics teaching. For this purpose, we developed an applied research with qualitative and exploratory approach about the objectives, adopting participant and the technical procedures. A documental and bibliographical research was taken. First of all, data were collected by e-mail, through a multiple choice questionnaire applied to private school teachers in southern Brazil, to identify the researched reality and develop teaching practices likely to be applied in the studied corpus. Then, such practices were applied in workshops located in Curitiba and Ponta Grossa cities, in Paraná state. During the application, data was collected by the researcher's field notes. Then, we recorded chats about the workshops from an instant message software (msn messenger), and we took photographic records. Data analysis was performed by triangulation. The results showed the need to enhance continuing education courses for teachers and the production of national academic literature, such as articles, dissertations, theses and books that explore the theme of the cell phone and its functionality in educational spaces as an educational resource mediator in the practices of teaching Physics. They are available in the dissertation defended in 2012, and now are also systematized in this book, organized as a final product of research conducted by the Graduate Program in Science Education and Technology UTFPR, Campus Ponta Grossa-PR.

GeoPlexo: um material manipulável para o ensino dos números complexos

This study aims to develop a manipulative material to assist the teaching and learning of Complex Numbers. Primarily, It tries to define the status of the current teaching of Complex Numbers, having as guide the bias of the research produced in dissertations and published on the website of Capes and the Virtual Library of Profmat from 2004 to 2014. It presents historical aspects of the theme, a mathematical foundation and a discussion of the use of manipulative materials as teaching resources for the teaching of mathematics. It introduces the manipulative material called GeoPlexo and a sequence of activities of potentiation and settling of complex numbers, explaining its use. It concludes with the importance of manipulative materials as a teaching resource for the teaching of Complex Numbers, especially regarding the geometric visualization of this mathematical object.

Proposta de ensino de geometria euclidiana plana para o sexto ano do ensino fundamental sob a ótica do raciocínio lógico-dedutivo

This study will introduce a brief history of the Geometry development, focused in the appearing of the organization in the logical deductive structure achieved by Euclid. Following will be discussed the situation of the learning and teaching of geometry topics since antiquity until the present day, where we will notice that it does not happen with the logical-deductive perspective. After this contextualization, we will propose the realization of a geometry workshop for students of the sixth grade of elementary school, focusing to the development of logical-deductive reasoning. Applied to workshop, changes were observed in the organization of thought of the participating students in the research, furthering the understanding of the concepts and properties of flat euclidean geometry.

Metodologia de ensino do conceito de função exponencial à luz da teoria das situações didáticas

This essay presents a proposal on methodology over the mathematical object Exponential Function which enables the development of interpretative and creative skills with potential meaning to the students starting from a didactic sequence structured on the light of The Theory of Didactic Situations from Guy Brousseau and, from the Records of Semiotic Representation of Duval, providing interactions among the students, the teacher and the environment of cooperative learning where the students feel free to express their own ideas as well as to suggest their own approaches. The methodology presented has been developed according to the students first knowledge, valuing their different ways of registering, which have such an important role during the teaching and learning processes. The proposal has been applied to the students from the first year of high school of Colégio Estadual José de Anchieta Ensino Fundamental e Médio, located in a town called Dois Vizinhos –Paraná. In order to the development of the research the methodological tool Didactic Engineering Artigue which consists in a methodology developed only to the research with didactic situations. The main goal has been reached at first, which was to work on the conceptual part of the Exponential Function, the relation of dependence and its main characteristic so that the variable part is in the exponent. Moreover with no imposition but starting from suitable didactic situations, the students were able to realize that they could solve the problems which involve the exponential function and furthermore create new problems (according to their universe) modeled by this kind of function. Its believed that the methodology based on the theory of didactic situations, analysis of students registers, observation on mistakes and obstacles as well as reflections over the aspects of the didactic contract are of fundamental importance to the teaching practice and determinant during the teaching-learning process.

Princípios e fundamentos da pedagogia da alternância: alguns desdobramentos atuais

The Pedagogy of Alternation (PA) is a differentiated teaching methodology, originally created to meet the needs that involve the population of the field. Through its educational procedures, distinct from the traditional education, demand, with autonomy, to form children and young people through the articulation of time and space, and involve the family and community in the educational process and in local development. Having been established as an alternative that generated positive results, the PA has expanded the world and today, with the formation of various movements, is present on five continents. In Brazil, there are two active movements using the PA, the Italian, which afforded the EFAs and the French, responsible for implantation the CFRs. Is in this context, the present research is inserted, which the following objective: to analyse the origins, principles and theoretical-methodological foundations of Pedagogy of Alternation and its implantation in Brazil, as well as some of its current unfolding. With this, it takes into consideration, besides the Brazilian movements, those who influenced its origin, the raised in France and the raised in Italy. The study is characterized as a theoretical, qualitative, bibliographic and documental. The data collection was carried out by searching in the CEPAD/UTFPR database and in the web pages of the institutions involved. After the identification and selection of documents and bibliographies, was realized the qualitative analysis of the data. The results indicate that the Pedagogy of Alternation practiced by the Italian EFAs and the Brazilian CFRs has undergone significant changes over time, keeping only firm the principle alternation of time and space, while the French MFRs and Brazilian EFAs, passed by adaptations, but still solid to principles of PA. The survey also showed that the CFRs in Parana are in a situation of instability about their future, since the links with the government are weakened. Thus, the present study sought to reflect on the meaning and the scope of the PA and its foundations that guarantee the autonomy and strength of this methodology in their places of origin. Therefore, the research presents contributions regarding the elucidation about expansion process of the movements in the three covered countries as well as those faced tensions by each and their transformations in order to highlight the importance of PA for education, comprehensive training of young and to development of the middle.

Relação universidade-escola: o PIBID como instrumento de intervenção sobre o real da formação de professores

The theme of teacher education has always been rich in discussion and presents an abundant literature on the subject. Historically this topic has generated concerns in both development bodies and universities / schools where these people learn or are engaged in professional work. Training teachers is complex and these elements of complexity make necessary a review of paradigms of initial and continuing education. Despite the efforts of the past decades, the lack of teachers in some areas of knowledge is still a big concern, and it can become even worse in the future, what reinforces the importance of new decisions and new directions in order to change this situation. Therefore, the university-school relationship is of fundamental importance, linking and articulating theory and school practice, contextualizing knowledge, renewing and adapting curricula to current times and spaces in order to be able to improve and recover the social and professional value of teachers. From this perspective the education public policies should turn to the encouragement and the rescue of values and principles in quality teacher training. In the course comes the Institutional Teaching Initiation Scholarships Program - PIBID as an innovative program of teacher education working and adding essential factors to the university-school to reinforce good teaching practices taking up the role of co-developer schools. This research is aimed at analyzing the factors that PIBID inserts in the university-school relationship within IFPR Campus Palmas. The theoretical route was marked by authors as Edgar Morin (2003, 2010a, 2010b, 2012), Enrique Leff (2002a, 2002b, 2003, 2010), Boaventura Sousa Santos (1988, 2010a, 2010b, 2013) Menga Lüdke (2005, 2013), Demerval Saviani (2000, 2013), Paulo Freire (2011), among others, among them official documents of PIBID were used in this research too. The methodological approach with exploratory approach, descriptive explanatory was of fundamental importance through data collected by the documentary analysis (BRAZIL, 2007, 2009, 2013) and in the focus groups activities (GATTI, 2012). The focus groups interlocutors constituted of three groups: Area Coordinators, supervisors and teaching initiation scholarships. The categories were defined a priori from the Programme's objectives and emerging categories identified from the analysis process. After both documentary and interlocutors analysis, it was possible to identify that PIBID inserts the following factors in the university-school relationship: the Recognition of the Profession; Innovative Program and Dialogues of Knowledge. For the recognition of the profession mainly because it is an initial and continuing education program; it approximates theory and practice; upgrades the role of the teacher at school and motivates methodological innovations. This Innovative Program promotes the role of co-educational school and it also approximates knowledge of the school reality and promotes the continuous training. The third emerging category university-school relationship promotes dialogs of knowledge; bringing together theory and practice; it allows information exchange and opens new perspectives for teacher training. Finally, it is possible to realize that besides being a new program, PIBID has promoted visible changes through the actions carried out by all subprojects in partnerships between universities and schools, restoring and giving new meanings to the pedagogical practices.