Do silência à cumplicidade: Violência sobre os idosos

O envelhecimento demográfico é um fenómeno mundial com inúmeras repercussões a diversos níveis e do qual decorrem distintas problemáticas, sendo a violência sobre os idosos uma das mais preocupantes. Portugal, país em que se destaca a Região do Alentejo como a mais envelhecida, vive-se este complexo fenómeno, pelo que se coloca com toda a acuidade o desenvolvimento de estudos com o objetivo de conhecer melhor os contornos desta realidade e que permitam empreender medidas que ajudem a melhor lidar com ela. Assim sendo, desenvolveu-se o presente estudo cujos objetivos são caraterizar o fenómeno da violência sobre os idosos, no Alentejo e analisar as representações sociais de violência sobre os idosos, no Alentejo.

Prevention of falls in the elderly in the home: promoting active ageing

Objective: To determine the frequency of falls and identify risk factors in the homes of the elderly under the Home Care Service of a village in Alentejo (Portugal). Method: Exploratory, descriptive study. The target group were elderly persons under the Home Care Service (23). The questionnaire consists of open and closed questions, and was based on the Jefferson Area Board for Aging Safety in the Home Assessment; Instrument to Assess the Risk of Falls and Adaptations to Prevent Falls at Home. Results: Of the 23 seniors, 13 were men; the mean age was 85; 10 widowers; 11 live alone; 12 cannot read or write; 17 have experienced falls, loss of balance being the main cause. They report changes in vision (21), hearing (14) and rheumatic diseases (14); hypertension (19); they use 4 or more drugs on a daily basis (16). Conclusion: The physiological changes associated with ageing may increase the risk of falls. Due to the consequences, it is a priority field in community intervention.

Social representations of nursing students about hospital assistance and primary health care

Objective: To analyze how social representations of hospital and community care are structured in two groups of nursing students – 1st and 4th years. Method: Qualitative research oriented by the Theory of Social Representations. We used a questionnaire with Free Association of Words. Data were analyzed in the Software IRaMuTeQ 0.6 alpha 3. Results: We applied the method of Descending Hierarchical Classifi cation and obtained four classes. Class 4 has the largest social representation (30.41%) within the corpus. The two organizational axes are nurse and disease/patient in the central core. On the periphery are the care and help related to the nurse and the treatment and prevention associated with the disease. Conclusion: Social representations focus on disease/patient and on the role of nurses in the treatment, prevention, and care. Health promotion and the social determinants of health are absent from the social representations of students.