Actividade física e autonomia instrumental das pessoas idosas

Pretende-se perceber se existe uma relação entre o nível regular de actividade física praticado pelas pessoas idosas e a sua autonomia instrumental. Desenvolveu-se um estudo descritivo, correlacional e transversal, no ano 2010, com amostra intencional constituída por 100 indivíduos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, de ambos sexos. A colheita de dados foi efectuada em dois ginásios e dois centros de dia localizados na cidade de Lisboa, e foram utilizados como instrumentos a Escala de Actividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária de Lawton e Brody e o International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Obteve-se uma média de idades de 76 anos, sendo 78% dos inquiridos do sexo feminino. Inseriram-se 30% na categoria de actividade física “ligeira”, 45% na “moderada” e 25% na “vigorosa”. Relativamente à autonomia instrumental, a maioria era moderadamente dependente. Verificou-se que o grau de autonomia instrumental dos idosos aumenta com o incremento da actividade física praticada (ρS=0.815; p-value<0.001); Abstract: This work seeks to realize if there is a relationship between the level of regular physical activity practiced by elderly persons and its instrumental autonomy. A descriptive, related and transversal study was developed in the year 2010, with an intentional sample consisting of 100 individuals, aged 60 years or above, of both genders. The data collection was carried out in two gymnasiums and two day care centers located in the city of Lisbon, and were used the Lawton and Brody’s Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. A mean age of 76 years was obtained and 78% of the respondents were female. 30% were classified as having a "low" physical activity level, 45% as "moderate" and 25% as "high". Regarding instrumental autonomy, most were moderately dependent. It was verified that the degree of instrumental autonomy of the elderly increases with increased physical activity (ρS=0.815; p-value<0.001).

Effects of nitrogen level on purslane antioxidant activity.

The high antioxidant activity of purslane, Portulaca oleracea L., gives it a high nutritional and functional value. The commercial production of purslane has increased in Portugal, making it necessary to know the effects of inputs, mainly nitrogen, on the antioxidant activity. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of nitrogen application on purslane antioxidant activity. The experiment was carried out with for treatments: 30, 60 and 90 kg/ha of nitrogen. Plants of golden-leaf purslane were grown in Styrofoam-boxes filled with substrate and fertigated two times per week, over four weeks with ammonium nitrate solution (16.9% NO3-N and 16.7 NH4+-N). The increase in the nitrogen level decreased the water-soluble proteins content. However the ascorbate, phenols content as well as antioxidant activity measured by FRAP method was not affected by nitrogen level. Plants shoot antioxidant activity, measured by DPPH method decreased significantly in the treatment with 90 kg N/ha (26.20 g/g gallic acid). On the other hand, plant shoot antioxidant activity mediated by peroxidases was higher in treatment 30 kg N/ha (0.459 µmol min-1/mg prot.). Application of 60 kg N/ha allowed a vigorous plant growth without disturb its antioxidants and conservation properties.