A relação terapêutica como pacto de cuidados (Perspectiva de Paul Ricoeur)

O capítulo é dedicado à reflexão, partindo de Ricoeur, sobre alguns aspectos que podem fornecer alicerce à tematização dos problemas do cuidar da Pessoa em vários níveis da Enfermagem. Importa-nos, acima de tudo, que, na procura da racionalidade própria da vida humana, as questões éticas da decisão do agir não fiquem soterradas por normas ou preceitos deontológicos adoptados acrítica e mecanicamente. Julgamos, então, necessário um esforço reflexivo práxico, pois sem reflexão orientada para a acção sairá malogrado o ideal de cuidar, que é, ao mesmo tempo, ideal de compreender, de respeitar e de servir responsavelmente o Outro, através do cultivo de relações interpessoais competentes, em termos científicos, técnicos e éticos.

A randomized controlled trial on the effects of combined aerobic-resistance exercise on muscle strength and fatigue, glycemic control and health-related quality of life of type 2 diabetes patients

Aim: to evaluate the effects of a 12-weeks combined aerobic-resistance exercise therapy on fatigue and isokinetic muscle strength, glycemic control and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in moderately affected type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. Methods: a randomized controlled trial design was employed. Forty-three T2DM patients were assigned to an exercise group (n = 22), performing 3 weekly sessions of 60 minutes of combined aerobic-resistance exercise for 12-weeks; or a no exercise control group (n = 21). Both groups were evaluated at a baseline and after 12-weeks of exercise therapy for: 1) muscle strength and fatigue by isokinetic dynamometry; 2) plasma glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C); and 3) HRQoL utilizing the SF-36 questionnaire. Results: the exercise therapy led to improvements in muscle fatigue in knee extensors (-55%) and increased muscle strength in knee flexors and extensors (+15 to +30%), while HbA1C decreased (-18%). In addition, the exercising patients showed sizeable improvements in HRQoL: physical function (+53%), vitality (+21%) and mental health (+40%). Conclusion: 12-weeks of combined aerobic-resistance exercise was highly effective to improve muscle strength and fatigue, glycemic control and several aspects of HRQoL in T2DM patients. These data encourage the use of aerobic and resistance exercise in the good clinical care of T2DM.