Realidade histórica na narrativa de ficção angolana: Mayombe, de Pepetela o ministro, de Wanhenga Xitu o vento que desorienta o caçador, de A. Santos

Usando documentos oficiais, registos legislativos, memórias e outras fontes documentais escritas produzidos no período entre os anos 60 e início da década de 90 do século XX, o presente estudo procura estabelecer a relação entre a narrativa de ficção e a realidade histórica documentada. O procedimento metodológico consistiu no confronto de registos de factos da realidade nos referidos documentos com o mundo possível criado pelos escritores. A investigação centrou-se nos romances de três escritores angolanos (Pepetela, Wanhenga Xitu e Arnaldo Santos). Os resultados demonstram que os textos ficcionais escolhidos se estruturam a partir da matéria de extracção histórica. O produto da pesquisa contribui para legitimar o valor documental das obras escolhidas entre outras que fazem parte da narrativa de ficção angolana. O trabalho visa, também, uma finalidade didáctica: a explicação de textos de ficção narrativa que analisam momentos marcantes da história recente de Angola; HISTORICAL REALITY IN THE NARRATIVE OF ANGOLAN FICTION ABSTRACT: Using official documents, legislative records, memories, and other written documental sources produced in the period between the sixties and the early nineties of the XX century, this study seeks to establish a relationship between fiction narrative and historical reality. The methodological procedure consisted in the comparison of records of the facts in the aforesaid documents with a possible world created by the author. The research focuses on novels by three Angolan writers (Pepetela, Wanhenga Xitu, and Arnaldo Santos). The results indicate that the selected fictional texts are structured from topics relating to history. The research outcome contributes to legitimate the documental value of the Works selected amongst those forming part of the Angolan fiction. Furthermore, the research serves another didactic purpose: explaining narrative fiction texts that review defining moments of the recent history of Angola.

Mitochondrial demographic history of the Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon), an expanding carnivore in the Iberian Peninsula

Describing the genetic patterns and the demographic history of expanding species is essential for providing insights into the processes linked with range dynamics. We analysed the mitochondrial diversity of the Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon) across the Iberian Peninsula, where the species is currently expanding northwest. A total of 242 individuals were analysed, together with nine representatives from the North African dispersal source. Haplotype segregation and strong differentiation between Iberian and North African populations confirmed the longterm presence of the species in the Iberian Peninsula. The distribution of mitochondrial diversity fitted the pattern of a historically diversified population in southern Iberia, from which the recent dispersals into northern areas may have occurred. Higher levels of haplotype and nucleotide diversities in the northern areas, together with the heterogeneous distribution of pairwise population differentiations and the weak signal for isolationbydistance suggest the existence of longdispersal migrants across the Iberian Peninsula. Sudden and spatial expansion scenarios of H. ichneumon in the Iberian Peninsula were supported by mismatch analysis and marginally supported by neutrality tests. However, the precise time of occurrence of the detected expansion remains unclear. Future studies should incorporate additional markers in order to further clarify the population dynamics of the Egyptian mongoose in its Iberian range.