De cerca conventual a espaço público: o convento do Beato António como caso de estudo

RESUMO: A cidade de Lisboa acolheu vários conventos e mosteiros que, apesar de actualmente albergarem diversas funções que não a religiosa, persistem na malha urbana da cidade. As antigas cercas conventuais e monásticas que perduraram conservam-se como lugares verdes da cidade. Estas áreas na sua maioria, jardins privados. Contudo, na zona ocidente de Lisboa, duas cercas conventuais são hoje exemplos notáveis de jardins públicos. São os casos da cerca do Convento de Nossa Senhora das Necessidades - hoje o Jardim da Tapada das Necessidades -, e da cerca do Mosteiro de Nossa Senhora da Estrela - hoje o Jardim da Estrela. Este trabalho, com base no estudo do Jardim da Tapada das Necessidades e do Jardim da Estrela, e na essência do jardim português procura estabelecer uma hipótese de intervenção nas cercas de Lisboa. Assim, é proposta a recuperação da cerca conventual do Beato António como espaço de jardim público. Desta forma, este trabalho não só contribui para o conhecimento sobre as cercas conventuais e monásticas de Lisboa, como para a enunciação de uma possível metodologia de intervenção nestes conjuntos; ABSTRACT: The city of Lisbon hosted several convents and monasteries that although currently harboring various functions other than religious, persist in the city. The old convent and monastic fences that lasted are preserved as green places in town. These areas are mostly private gardens. However, in the western part of Lisbon, two conventual fences are outstanding examples of public gardens. This is the case of the Nossa Senhora das Necessidades Convent - now the Jardim das Necessidades - and of the Monastery of Nossa Senhora da Estrela - now the Jardim da Estrela. This paper, based on the study of the Jardim das Necessidades and the Jardim da Estrela, and on the essence of Portuguese gardens, seeks to establish a hypothesis of intervention on the fences of Lisbon. It is therefore proposed to recover the conventual fence of Beato Antonio as a public garden space. Thus, this thesis not only contributes to the knowledge of the Lisbon's conventual and monastic fences, as to the enunciation of a possible intervention methodology in these sets.

E-Procurement and Innovation in the Portuguese Municipalities: When Change Is Mandatory

Changing the traditional pattern of public procurement for an electronic paradigm is a radical innovation involving major organizational changes, the breaking up of traditional processes and practices, obsolescence of knowledge and skills. Going beyond the European Commission's recommendations, in 2009 Portugal pioneered in making e-procurement mandatory in the pre-award phase, in a European context of multiple technical standards and lack of interoperability of electronic platforms across the EU countries. Six years later, when the creation of a European e-procurement single market is a EU mission and a major legislative amendment is underway in Portugal, this study looks at the relationship between e-procurement and innovation in the Portuguese municipalities aiming to understand the extent into which the adoption of e-procurement embraced a real organizational change or, on the other hand, if it just represented a mere adaptation of the usual procurement practices. The study draws on data from an electronic survey to all municipalities in mainland Portugal and the analysis is mainly descriptive and exploratory. The paradigm shift in public procurement involves major organizational changes but, overall, the results suggest that most municipalities do not have a clear understanding of the innovative scope (depth and diversity) implied by e-procurement. E-procurement shows advantages over the paper-based model but an unbalanced perception of the innovation dimensions has influenced the implementation of e-procurement and the degree of organizational change.