Procedimento dos enfermeiros face ao comportamento agressivo dos utentes no Serviço de Urgência de Psiquiatria

De acordo com as evidências científicas e empíricas, os enfermeiros são frequentemente vítimas de agressão, sendo mais vulneráveis os que trabalham em serviços de urgência psiquiátrica. Perante esta realidade e através de entrevistas semiestruturadas, procurou-se identificar os procedimentos e as dificuldades sentidas pelos enfermeiros, perante o comportamento agressivo dos utentes no serviço de urgência psiquiátrica. Os dados revelaram que nalgumas situações, os enfermeiros conseguem predizer o comportamento agressivo dos utentes, fundamentalmente a partir de expressões não verbais. As estratégias comunicacionais verbais e não verbais, seguido dos vários métodos de contenção, são os procedimentos mais utilizados pelos enfermeiros para lidar com o comportamento agressivo do utente. A insuficiente formação da equipa multidisciplinar e a gestão do espaço físico, foram as principais dificuldades nomeadas pelos enfermeiros; NURSES PROCEDURES TOWARDS PATIENT AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR AT PSYCHIATRIC EMERGENCY SERVICES ABSTRACT: The scientific and empirical evidence shows that nurses are often victims of aggression. Those working in psychiatric emergency services are more vulnerable. Due to this reality and by the use of semi-structured interviews we proposed to identify the procedures and difficulties that nurse’s experience due to patients’ aggressive behavior at psychiatric emergency services. According to data, in some cases nurses can predict aggressive behavior. Most of the time, it is possible by observation of patient non-verbal expression. To handle patient’s aggressive behavior nurses used most commonly the verbal and nonverbal communications strategies. When this isn´t enough they used a coercive intervention, such as the restraint methods. For nurses, the main difficulties are the lack of training of the multidisciplinary team and the management of the physical space.

Adaptive strategies of two Portuguese grapevines varieties (Aragonês. syn. Tempranillo and Trincadeira) face drought: physiological and structural responses.

At Mediterranean regions and particularly in southern Portugal, it is imperative to identify grape varieties more adapted to warm and dry climates in order to overcome future climatic changes. Two Vitis vinifera genotypes, Aragonez (syn. Tempranillo) and Trincadeira, were selected to assess their physiological responses to soil water stress. Vines were subjected to four irrigation regimes: irrigated during all phenological cycle, non-irrigated during all phenological cycle, non irrigated until veraison, irrigated after veraison. Predawn leaf water potential was much higher in Trincadeira than Aragonez in non- irrigated plants. This result is in accordance with its higher stomatal control efficiency in this variety (Trincadeira). Photosynthetic capacity (Amax at saturating light intensity) decreased due to stomatal and biochemical limitations under water stress. However, recovery capacity of leaf water status after irrigation was faster in Trincadeira. Yield and yield x Brix increased when irrigation occurred after veraison, particularly in Trincadeira. These results show that Trincadeira presents a drought adaptation than Aragonez. Ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence Fv/Fm and total leaf chlorophyll related with leaf water potential for both species. Reflectance Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI705), Red Edge Inflexion Point Index and Photochemical Reflectance Index were related with irrigation treatment. Relative water content and specific leaf area were similar between varieties. In conclusion, we suggested that there is variation among the genotypes and the main physiological parameters for variety selection, for drought, were leaf water potential, stomatal conductance and reflectance indexes.

Prevenção de Úlceras da face, em Pessoas Submetidas a Ventilação não invasiva, indicadores sensíveis aos cuidados de Enfermagem: Revisão sistemática de Literatura

ABSTRACT The Non-invasive Ventilation represents an alternative from ventilatory support, being frequently used in the treatment of respiratory failure. There are many complications associated with this technique, related to the pressure / air flow and the application of interfaces, being this one the focus of the article. The most appropriate interface selection allows a successful technique; the interface must be based on anatomical characteristics of the patient, cutaneous integrity and ventilation requirements. The Nurse plays a key role selecting the appropriate interface; technical monitoring and prevention of complications. The objective of the study is identify sensitive results to nursing care in the prevention of pressure ulcers (PPU) of the face, in adult and elderly submitted to NIV. This research was through EBSCO (CINAHL (Plus with Full Text) and MEDLINE (Plus with Full Text), with selection of full text articles between 2003-01-01 and 31.12.2013. We used the method of PI[C]O and was selected 13 articles from a total of 353. It was identified a set of specific interventions that prevent the appearing of pressure ulcer (PU), and according to Doran (2011), promotes sensitivity to nursing care results. The nursing interventions in adults with NIV have a direct impact on health outcomes, with preventing and resolving complications, with contribution in terms of effective disease control, adherence to the treatment regimen and consequent increase in life quality.