THE NEW WORLD (DIS)ORDER AND THE CONFLICTS EVOLUTION

The World Order is a concept in constant mutation that has lost a lot of what characterized it when it was established with the Peace of Westphalia. The conflicts also went through changes. They lost its State distinctiveness and became dispersed and chaotic due to multipolarization. These two concepts share some connections and both dissociated from their traditional definition. This paper aims to establish a connection between the contemporary World Order and the conflicts evolution. The threats to the stability of the World Order contribute to the current disorder and reflects how the conflicts distanced themselves from the clausewitzian battles. To understand how these threats impact the World Order stability and evince the conflicts evolution two cases of study were selected: the nuclear proliferation in Iran and the crisis in Ukraine. These two examples will help establishing the link between the contemporary World Disorder and the conflicts evolution.

Impacto do alcoolismo na díade conjugal

O alcoolismo é um fenómeno universal, significativo e complexo, com múltiplas implicações, assumindo-se a disfunção familiar como uma das que primeiro se manifesta, nomeadamente ao nível da díade conjugal. O presente estudo, de carácter exploratório e abordagem qualitativa, tem como objectivos identificar a percepção que o alcoólico e o cônjuge têm do impacto do alcoolismo na díade conjugal e alertar para a necessidade de adoptar estratégias de tratamento que visem a família do sujeito alcoólico. Os dados foram recolhidos junto de oito díades recorrendo à entrevista semi-estruturada e tratados através da análise de conteúdo. As conclusões reafirmam o impacto negativo do alcoolismo na díade e a pertinência de uma abordagem conjugal nesta problemática. Evidenciam-se alcoólicos e cônjuges insatisfeitos, com vivências conjugais marcadas por conflitos e problemas de ordem comunicacional, sexual, emocional e económica. Foram identificadas especificidades tanto do alcoolismo no feminino, como das respectivas diades. /ABSTRACT: Alcoholism is a universal, significant and complex phenomenon, with multiple implications, assuming the family dysfunction as one of its first manifestations, particularly in terms of the marital dyad. The present study, of exploratory and qualitative approach, aims to identify the perception that the alcoholic and the spouse have of the impact of the alcoholism in the marital dyad, and call attention to the need for treatment strategies aimed at the subject's family with alcoholic dependence syndrome. The information were collected from eight dyads through semi-structured interviews and processed by content analysis. The conclusions reaffirm the negative impact of alcoholism in the marital dyad and the relevance of marital approach in alcoholism. lt is shown alcoholics and spouses dissatisfied with their marital experiences marked by conflicts and problems of communication, sexual, emotional and economic order. Specificities were identified in women's alcoholism, as well as in their marital dyads.