Epidemiology of painful procedures performed in neonates: A systematic review of observational studies

Procedural pain in neonates has been a concern in the last two decades. The purpose of this review was to provide a critical appraisal and a synthesis of the published epidemiological studies about procedural pain in neonates admitted to intensive care units. The aims were to determine the frequency of painful procedures and pain management interventions as well as to identify their predictors. Academic Search, CINAHL, LILACS, Medic Latina, MEDLINE and SciELO databases were searched for observational studies on procedural pain in neonates admitted to intensive care units. Studies in which neonatal data could not be extracted from the paediatric population were excluded. Eighteen studies were included in the review. Six studies with the same study duration, the first 14 days of the neonate life or admission in the unit of care, identified 6832 to 42,413 invasive procedures, with an average of 7.5-17.3 per neonate per day. The most frequent procedures were heel lance, suctioning, venepuncture and insertion of peripheral venous catheter. Pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches were inconsistently applied. Predictors of the frequency of procedures and analgesic use included the neonate's clinical condition, day of unit stay, type of procedure, parental presence and pain assessment. The existence of pain protocols was not a predictor of analgesia. Painful procedures were performed frequently and often with inadequate pain management. Unlike neonate clinical factors, organizational factors may be modified to promote a context of care more favourable to pain management. © 2015 European Pain Federation - EFIC®

The Theory of Social Representations in Brazilian Health Researches: a Bibliometric Profile

The study aimed to characterizing the production of national articles on health, the time frame of the past 10 years, available in the database LILACS and MEDLINE Virtual Health Library that used the Theory of Social Representations in its searches, using as descriptors the words: social representations and health. It is a descriptive study, developed in the context of ibliometrics. Of the 158 units found, 122 were considered and analyzed after removal of those that did not include the stablished inclusion criteria: articles in Portuguese,available in full and that mentioned the expression "social representations", either in the title or abstract. The journal that most published researches about the Theory of Social Representations was Science & Public Health; being the largest number of articles published in 2011. The most frequent area of knowledge covering about the Theory of Social Representations was the Public Health, with the participant group most cited health professionals. Among the data collection instruments used, the semi-structured interview was the most frequent and the kind of qualitative analysis the content analysis was the most common. Noteworthy is the growing interest for the theory and the need for greater criteria in the preparation of abstracts, considering its importance in the spread of scientific production.

O Efeito do REIKE nos profissionais de Saúde com Burnout.

Introdução: Os profissionais de saúde estão sujeitos a Burnout. O Reiki é uma terapia complementar em que é transmitida a “Energia Universal” para as zonas mais necessitadas da pessoa, podendo apresentar benefícios nos profissionais de saúde. Objetivo: Efetuar uma revisão sistemática da literatura de forma a analisar a literatura mais recente sobre os efeitos do Reiki nos profissionais de saúde sujeitos a stress/burnout. Métodos: Efetuadas pesquisas nas bases de dados electrónicas Cinahl Plus, Medline, Lilacs e Cochrane e Library no motor de busca da EBSCO, na Biblioteca do Conhecimento Online (B-On) sendo selecionados 7 artigos. A pesquisa ocorreu durante o mês de Abril de 2016. Em artigos em português, inglês ou espanhol com publicação entre Janeiro de 2011 e Abril de 2016, fazendo referência a Reiki e profissionais de saúde. Resultados: Da análise efetuada, emergem duas grandes categorias relativamente aos benefícios do Reiki nos profissionais de saúde: benefícios a nível pessoal e profissional. A nível pessoal, os benefícios relacionados com a saúde física e com a saúde mental. Aspetos físicos como a tensão arterial e a imunidade são influenciados de forma positiva pelo Reiki; na saúde mental diminui o stress relacionado com o trabalho e aumenta a autoconfiança. Conclusões: O Reiki é benéfico para os profissionais de saúde sujeitos a stress/burnout, melhorando a saúde, diminuindo o stress, proporcionando autoconfiança e bem-estar.