Recuperación de silos: El caso de Alcalá la Real (Jaén).

Durante la década de los cuarenta y hasta mitad de los cincuenta, España se fundamenta en la intervención del Estado en todos los ámbitos y, es en este momento en el que se inicia la “Red Nacional de Silos y Graneros” con el fin de controlar la producción triguera. Este organismo construirá cientos de silos y graneros repartidos por todo el territorio español. Estas edificaciones en la actualidad se hallan la gran mayoría en desuso, aunque cada vez son más los casos de silos recuperados como el silo de Alcalá la Real, disfrutado por los vecinos de este municipio y aprovechado por la administración.

Avaliação do efeito do corte horizontal da copa, com máquina de podar de discos, em pomares de pera “Rocha

Current pear pruning making use of pneumatic shears still is a very labour intensive operation. The Proder project “Avaliação da poda mecânica em pomares de pera” was designed to contribute to solutions that would reduce the present dependence in labour and therefore to promote a reduction in pruning costs. This paper shows the results of a trial made to evaluate the influence of mechanical topping in manual pruning complement field work and pear yield. Topping was performed using a Reynolds 6DT 3.0m cutting bar with six hydraulic-driven circular disc-saws mounted in the three point tractor linkage system. The field trial was performed in a commercial orchard with 20 years, planted in an array of 4m x 2m with tree lines oriented in North-South direction. Trees were trained as the central leader system. In this trial, in a randomised complete block design with four replications, two treatments are being compared leading to 8 plots with one line of 14 trees per plot. The treatments tests were: T1 - manual pruning performed by workers using pneumatic shears, in each year; T2 - Topping the canopy parallel to the ground, using a discs-saw pruning machine mounted in a front loader of an agricultural tractor, followed by manual pruning complement performed by workers with pneumatic shears. Tree height and width was measured, before and after pruning. Work was timed and pear yields evaluated. Mechanical topping seems to be effective in the control of tree height, which can contribute to increase 14% of work rates on manual pruning complement. No significant differences in pear yield were found between treatments.