Relatório de prática de ensino supervisionada realizada na Escola de Música do Conservatório Nacional: a embocadura do clarinete: caracterização, deteção e resolução de problemas

O presente relatório surge no seguimento da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, realizada na Escola de Música do Conservatório Nacional sob a orientação da Professora Doutora Ana Telles Béreau (orientadora interna) e do orientador cooperante Professor Luís Miguel Gomes. A primeira secção deste trabalho pretende fazer o enquadramento histórico e organizacional da instituição, bem como descrever os alunos e as práticas metodológicas utilizadas pelo orientador cooperante nos domínios da psicologia educacional e do ensino especializado do clarinete. A segunda e última secção deste relatório aborda a noção de embocadura, definindo as suas principais conceções, função, formação, erros comuns associados e respetivas causas, apresentando finalmente propostas de vários autores para o desenvolvimento das componentes diretamente relacionadas com a embocadura, como meio de prevenção de problemas e desenvolvimento desta componente, tão importante para a prática do clarinete e de qualquer instrumento de sopro; Abstract: Supervised Teaching Report held at Escola de Música do Conservatório Nacional: The embouchure of the clarinetist – characterization, detection and problem resolution This report follows the Supervised Teaching Practice held at Escola de Música do Conservatório Nacional under the inner guidance of PhD Professor Ana Telles Béreau and having had, as cooperating advisor, Professor Luís Miguel Gomes. A first section is intended to provide the historical and organizational framework of the institution, describe students and methodological practices used by the cooperating advisor about educational psychology and specialized clarinet education. The second and final section of this report deals with the notion of embouchure, defining its main conceptions, function training, common errors and their causes, finally presenting the proposals of various authors aiming at the development of components directly related to embouchure, as a way for preventing problems and develop this specific issue, so important to the practice of the clarinet and, indeed, of any wind instrument.

An intervention program for children with school failure problems.

School failure is a chronic problem in many developing countries and in some developed as Portugal due to factors like cognitive deficiencies of children, an inadequate family environment, low SES and bad teaching methods or school organization. It is important to develop effective and simple intervention strategies able to cope with the problem at an individual level independently of the cause. The general objective of the following study is to develop behavioral training techniques to help children with problems of school failure. 6 - 12 years old children attending ISCED 1, with academic difficulties because of family problems, social exclusion (living in poverty or belonging to an ethnic minority) or poor schooling were trained. Cognitive-behavioral techniques that have been widely used to train persons with intellectual, sensorial, physical or social deficiencies were applied. Results are evaluated in terms of % of attained objectives, time, and (subjective) teacher satisfaction. Some results of individual children are shown. Training programs seem to be successful independently of the (mostly unknown) cause of failure of the trained subject.