On the brink of madness: Leituras do tema da loucura na obra pré-heteronímica de Fernando Pessoa

O tema da loucura na obra pessoana tem sido objecto de várias aproximações interpretativas, decorrentes da multiplicidade de textos que fazem eco do fenómeno e da sua persistência enquanto topos ao longo de praticamente toda a sua produção. Na sua acepção literal, manteve constantes interferências com a dimensão empírica do autor sobretudo quando sustentadas na contingência de certos textos basilares, os quais têm vindo a ser questionados quanto ao seu valor estritamente testemunhal. Como fenómeno desde cedo relacionado com a criação artística, a loucura surge neste estudo não apenas na representatividade da condição distintiva do sujeito criador mas ainda como figuração da contingência que envolve qualquer acto criativo que tome a linguagem na sua dimensão essencialmente metafórica e ambígua. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho pretende a abertura de várias vias de leitura do fenómeno através da análise crítica dos vocabulários relativos a diferentes âmbitos e concepções de loucura e a sua relação com o génio (capítulos I e II), focando o seu interesse no que diz respeito a alguma produção pessoana pré-heteronímica, nomeadamente Charles Robert Anon, Alexander Search (capítulo III) e Jean Seul de Méluret (capítulo IV), a que acrescentaremos o Primeiro Fausto (capítulo IV), de modo a conseguirmos estabelecer uma possível relação entre as primeiras experiências de alterização e a descoberta simultânea da irredutibilidade do discurso literário face a tentativas de literalização e de racionalização da linguagem, defendidas por outros modelos (paradigma biologista). A identificação da ambiguidade e da ironia nas suas mais variadas acepções como componentes essenciais da aprendizagem do valor contingente do processo de criação contribuirá tanto para a definição da autonomização da literatura como para a redescrição moderna do sujeito criador, paradoxalmente investido do pathos criativo anunciado no Romantismo e confrontando-se com os seus limites, que corresponderão aos da própria linguagem, situação de crise de que a figuração do louco lúcido será um dos tópicos mais produtivos. ABSTRACT: The theme of madness in the Pessoa work has been the subject of several interpretive approaches, from the multiplicity of texts that echo the phenomenon and its persistence as a topos priority over virtually all its production. ln its physiological sense, remained constant interference with the empirical dimension of the author when sustained in the contingency of certain basic texts that have been questioned as to their strictly testimonial value. As early phenomenon associated with artistic creation, the madness in this study is not only representative in the distinctive condition of the subject creator but also as the contingency figuration involving any creative act to take the language mainly in its essential metaphorical and ambiguous dimension. Accordingly, this work intends to open several analysis manners of the phenomenon through critical analysis of vocabularies for different areas and concepts of madness and its special relationship with the genius (Chapters I and II), focusing its interest in respect to some of the previous-heteronomy Pessoa production, including Charles Robert Anon, Alexander Search (Chapter III) and Jean Seul de Méluret (Chapter IV), and the Primeiro Fausto (Chapter IV), among others, to establish a possible relationship between changing early experiences and the discovery simultaneous literary discourse of irreducibility in the face of the attempts of literacy and the rationalization of language defended by other models (biologist paradigm). The identification of the ambiguity and irony in its many different meanings as essential components of learning the contingent value of the creation process which will contribute to the definition of empowerment in the literature as to the redescription of the modem subject creator that paradoxically had the creative pathos announced in Romanticism and from the confrontation with its limits, which will correspond to the language itself, the crisis situation from which the mad-lucid figuration will be one of the most productive topics.

Territorialisation and power in Portuguese America. The creation of comarcas (16th-18th centuries)

The general aim of this article is to analyse the political organisation of the territory in Portuguese America from the start of the building up of the Crown judiciary system from in the 16th to the 18th centuries and to look into the causes of its belatedness in comparison to what happened in Spanish America. The focus will however be on the comarcas through the reconstitution of the process leading to the setting up of these judiciary divisions. Four stages of this process will be identified and discussion will ensue over the social and political contexts in which these political and administrative novelties came to happen. It is claimed that the delay in the structuring of the judicial network in the States of Brazil and Maranhão stems from the fact that the Portuguese advance into the territories took place at a later stage. The comparisons between the two systems will also bring other differences to the fore, not least the greater rigidity of the Spanish model in contrast to the more experimental character of the Portuguese one, and the resilience found to exist in the donatarial system. It is also worth to point out that given solutions were the result of the will of central power as much as of local initiative, and it is suggested that the building up of the crown’s political apparatus (in which the judiciary network is included) brought about the connivance,albeit ephemeral, of social interests which are considered contradictory or irreconcilable by some authors.

Product/Brand co-creation methodology crossing marketing, design thinking, creativity and management: ideas(r)evolution

This thesis introduce a new innovation methodology called IDEAS(R)EVOLUTION that was developed according to an on-going experimental research project started in 2007. This new approach to innovation has initial based on Design thinking for innovation theory and practice. The concept of design thinking for innovation has received much attention in recent years. This innovation approach has climbed from the design and designers knowledge field towards other knowledge areas, mainly business management and marketing. Human centered approach, radical collaboration, creativity and breakthrough thinking are the main founding principles of Design thinking that were adapted by those knowledge areas due to their assertively and fitness to the business context and market complexity evolution. Also Open innovation, User-centered innovation and later on Living Labs models emerge as answers to the market and consumers pressure and desire for new products, new services or new business models. Innovation became the principal business management focus and strategic orientation. All this changes had an impact also in the marketing theory. It is possible now to have better strategies, communications plans and continuous dialogue systems with the target audience, incorporating their insights and promoting them to the main dissemination ambassadors of our innovations in the market. Drawing upon data from five case studies, the empirical findings in this dissertation suggest that companies need to shift from Design thinking for innovation approach to an holistic, multidimensional and integrated innovation system. The innovation context it is complex, companies need deeper systems then the success formulas that “commercial “Design thinking for innovation “preaches”. They need to learn how to change their organization culture, how to empower their workforce and collaborators, how to incorporate external stakeholders in their innovation processes, hoe to measure and create key performance indicators throughout the innovation process to give them better decision making data, how to integrate meaning and purpose in their innovation philosophy. Finally they need to understand that the strategic innovation effort it is not a “one shot” story it is about creating a continuous flow of interaction and dialogue with their clients within a “value creation chain“ mindset; RESUMO: Metodologia de co-criação de um produto/marca cruzando Marketing, Design Thinking, Criativity and Management - IDEAS(R)EVOLUTION. Esta dissertação apresenta uma nova metodologia de inovação chamada IDEAS(R)EVOLUTION, que foi desenvolvida segundo um projecto de investigação experimental contínuo que teve o seu início em 2007. Esta nova abordagem baseou-se, inicialmente, na teoria e na práctica do Design thinking para a inovação. Actualmente o conceito do Design Thinking para a inovação “saiu” do dominio da area de conhecimento do Design e dos Designers, tendo despertado muito interesse noutras áreas como a Gestão e o Marketing. Uma abordagem centrada na Pessoa, a colaboração radical, a criatividade e o pensamento disruptivo são principios fundadores do movimento do Design thinking que têm sido adaptados por essas novas áreas de conhecimento devido assertividade e adaptabilidade ao contexto dos negócios e à evolução e complexidade do Mercado. Também os modelos de Inovação Aberta, a inovação centrada no utilizador e mais tarde os Living Labs, emergem como possiveis soluções para o Mercado e para a pressão e desejo dos consumidores para novos productos, serviços ou modelos de negócio. A inovação passou a ser o principal foco e orientação estratégica na Gestão. Todas estas mudanças também tiveram impacto na teoria do Marketing. Hoje é possivel criar melhores estratégias, planos de comunicação e sistemas continuos de diálogo com o público alvo, incorporando os seus insights e promovendo os consumidores como embaixadores na disseminação da inovação das empresas no Mercado Os resultados empiricos desta tese, construídos com a informação obtida nos cinco casos realizados, sugerem que as empresas precisam de se re-orientar do paradigma do Design thinking para a inovação, para um sistema de inovação mais holistico, multidimensional e integrado. O contexto da Inovação é complexo, por isso as empresas precisam de sistemas mais profundos e não apenas de “fórmulas comerciais” como o Design thinking para a inovação advoga. As Empresas precisam de aprender como mudar a sua cultura organizacional, como capacitar sua força de trabalho e colaboradores, como incorporar os públicos externos no processo de inovação, como medir o processo de inovação criando indicadores chave de performance e obter dados para um tomada de decisão mais informada, como integrar significado e propósito na sua filosofia de inovação. Por fim, precisam de perceber que uma estratégia de inovação não passa por ter “sucesso uma vez”, mas sim por criar um fluxo contínuo de interação e diálogo com os seus clientes com uma mentalidade de “cadeia de criação de valor”

“ The Creation of an Urban Landscape” in Adaptive reuse,the modern movement toward the future, 14th international conference proceedings, Do_co.mo.mo international, Lisboa ( indexed by SCOPUS)

The headquarters and park of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation in Lisbon represent the first modern Portuguese environment with an outstanding relation between exterior and interior as a spatial continuum . As such, the project refused the more common conceptual attitude of interior plus exterior. This unitary view revealed a clear understanding of the proposed site for the project and what could have been Calouste Sarkis Gulbenkian (1869-1955) expectations, while concretizing Modern Movement ideals regarding landscape architecture and architecture. Through its design the park mediates the relation between the buildings’ super-structures, the urban context, and the human scale, while generating a unifying system established by the complicity between natural and synthetic materials. From the first moment of the project’s design process, this complicity resulted in a set of strategies that met programmatic