Insucesso escolar: causas e consequências no contexto do Agrupamento Vertical de Ourique (período 1999/2000 a 2007/2008)

O presente estudo, de carácter quantitativo e qualitativo, assenta na temática do insucesso escolar. O mesmo foi orientado pela questão de partida que o perspectivou: “Quais as causas, consequências e dimensão do fenómeno do insucesso escolar nos alunos que iniciaram, em 1999/2000, a sua escolaridade, no concelho de Ourique? Baseados no quadro conceptual de um estudo de caso, seleccionámos uma “coorte” de alunos, que entrevistámos, com vista a inteirarmo-nos das experiências e situações reais que os conduziram a situações de insucesso escolar procurando dar resposta aos seguintes objectivos: 1) avaliar, quantitativamente, o insucesso escolar na população discente seleccionada; 2) identificar as, eventuais, causas do insucesso escolar verificado; 3) identificar as, eventuais, consequências do insucesso escolar verificado; 4) avaliar possíveis intervenções no sentido de mitigar o fenómeno do insucesso escolar. Para tal, analisámos o percurso escolar de um universo de 46 alunos, entre 1999/2000 e 2007/08, tendo verificado que 24 desses alunos vivenciaram episódios de insucesso escolar, ao longo do seu trajecto académico. Destes, entrevistámos 12 alunos, tendo essa abordagem possibilitado ir de encontro aos nossos objectivos. Através da análise e interpretação dos dados recolhidos, concluímos que: 1) a taxa de insucesso escolar é superior a 50%, na coorte de alunos que iniciaram a sua escolaridade, no ano lectivo 1999/00, no concelho de Ourique; 2) há uma forte participação dos pais e encarregados de educação nas vivências escolares dos alunos (80% do total da amostra); 3) o número médio de retenções, nos alunos com episódios de insucesso escolar, é de 1,5 retenções; 4) o 7.º ano de escolaridade é o ano em que se verifica um maior número de retenções, seguido do 4.º ano de escolaridade; 5) a maioria dos alunos (58,3%) encontra-se relativamente distante do seu meio familiar; 6) um número significativo de alunos com episódios de insucesso escolar (83,3%) referiu que recebe apoio da família; 7) a incapacidade individual foi a causa do insucesso escolar mais referida/inferida pelos entrevistados; 8) evidenciou-se que retenções precoces induzem a retenções posteriores; 9) a importância do 1.º Ciclo é relevante, quando os entrevistados indicam que a falta de apoio no 1.º Ciclo terá induzido a situações futuras de insucesso escolar. No final deste trabalho são efectuadas propostas que possam potenciar futuras investigações, nomeadamente de investigação acção, promovendo intervenção; ### Abstract: The schools failure: The causes of consequences in context the Agrupamento Vertical de Ourique The present study, of quantitative and qualitative content, is based on the thematic of the failure rate in schools. The study was oriented towards the fundamental issue which has been put in perspective: “What are the causes, consequences and dimension of the phenomena of the failure rate in schools that can be seen in the students that started in 1999/2000 their school education in the municipality of Ourique?” Based on the conceptual framework of a study case, we selected a group of students, which we interviewed, in order to know about the real experiences and situations that led them to situations of school failure, trying to give answers and to achieve the following goals: 1) to evaluate quantitatively the school failure of the selected students population; 2) to identify the eventual causes of the verified school failure; 3) to identify the eventual consequences of the verified school failure; 4) to evaluate the possible interventions in order to minimize the school failure phenomena. Therefore, we analysed the school path of an amount of 46 students between 1999/2000 and 2007/2008 and we reached the conclusion that 24 of those students experienced episodes of school failure. We interviewed 12 of those 24 and that approach permitted us to reach our goals. Through the analysis and the interpretation of the collected data we conclude that: 1) the rate of school failure is over 50% in the group of students that started their schooling in the school year 1999/2000 in the municipality of Ourique; 2) there is a strong participation of parents and tutors in the students’ school life( 80% of the sample); 3) the average number of retention in the students with episodes of school failure is 1, 5 retentions; 4) the 7th grade is the one in which we verify the highest number of retentions followed by the 4th grade ; 5) the majority of the students (53,8%) are far away from their family environment; 6) a significant number of students with episodes of school failure (83,3%) referred that they get support from their family; 7) the individual incapacity was the most referred/inferred cause of school failure by the ones who were interviewed ; 8) it became an evidence that early retentions lead to future retentions; 9) the importance of the basic education is relevant when the interviewed students show that the lack of support in the basic education should have led to future situations of school failure. At the end of this work we present some proposals that can lead to future investigation, namely of investigation/action promoting intervention.

Ofício: ser professora - do projeto educativo ao sucesso escolar

O Despacho n.º 40/2011, de 20 de maio, ponto 3., da Universidade de Évora, prevê a possibilidade de elaboração de um relatório sobre a atividade profissional para aquisição do grau académico de mestre. Essa foi a minha opção. Este relatório reporta-se aos anos letivos de 2007/2012, correspondentes aos últimos cinco anos de trabalho. É uma reflexão sobre as medidas desenvolvidas no Agrupamento de Escolas de Alvalade, com vista a melhorar os níveis de sucesso escolar e a importância do projeto educativo para alcançar tal objetivo, apresentando ainda dados sobre o sucesso/insucesso. Enquanto diretora de um agrupamento de escolas cuja taxa de insucesso à data da tomada de posse rondava os 18%, abracei como objetivo principal, mobilizar toda a comunidade educativa, para reverter essa situação calamitosa. Após várias medidas implementadas, os resultados melhoraram para 5,98%, em 2011/2012. Muito trabalho foi feito e muitos projetos foram adotados; ABSTRACT: The University Dispatch n. º 40/2011 of may 20th, paragraph 3., University of Évora, provides for the possibility of drafting a report about my professional activity in order to acquire a master's degree. That was my choice. This report refers to the work that I have been developing in the last academic years of 2007/2012. It is a reflection on action in the Alvalade Group of Schools, about the measures that were implemented to improve levels of educational attainment and educational importance of the project to achieve this goal, presenting, nevertheless, data on the success/failure. When I became director of a group of schools, which failure rate at the date of inauguration was around 18%, I decided to delineate as my main goal, to mobilize the entire educational community, to reverse this calamitous situation. After several measures implemented, the students’ failure decreased up to 5,98% in 2011/2012. Much work has been done and many projects were adopted.

Modulation of gregarious settlement of the stalked barnacle, Pollicipes pollicipes: a laboratory study

Although recruitment patterns of Pollicipes pollicipes (Crustacea: Scalpelliformes) in the wild have been inves- tigated, no studies have yet focused on the factors that affect settlement. In the present paper, settlement of P. pollicipes on conspecifics (gregarious settlement) was investigated in the laboratory as a function of environmental conditions (hydrody- namics, temperature, light and salinity), larval age and batch. This study aimed to understand how these factors modulate set- tlement in the laboratory and elucidate how they might impact recruitment patterns in nature. Maximum attachment on adults was 30-35%, with a one-week metamorphosis rate of 70-80%. Batch differences affected both attachment and metamorpho- sis. Attachment rate was higher at natural salinity (30-40 psu), with lower salinity (20 psu) decreasing metamorphosis rate. Cyprid attachment was stimulated by light conditions and circulating water. This might relate to a preference for positioning high in the water column in nature, but also to increased cyprid-surface contact in conditions of circulating water. Older cyprids (3 or 6 days) showed higher attachment than un-aged larvae, though fewer 6-day-old larvae metamorphosed. Tem- perature did not affect attachment rate, but the metamorphosis rate decreased at 14°C (compared with 17 or 20°C), implying that differences in temperature during the breeding season can affect how quickly cyprids metamorphose to the juvenile. Cyprids survived for prolonged periods ( 20 days; 40% survival), likely due to efficient energy saving by intercalating long periods of inactivity with fast bursts of activity upon stimulation.